问题 填空题

A、B、C、X、Y均为初中常见的纯净物,它们之间有如图转化关系(部分生成物已略去)

(1)若X、Y为同种物质,且为氧气,A是______(写化学式).

(2)若A、C为同种物质,则反应 ①、②的化学方程式为:

①______;②______.

(3)若A、B、C三种物质的组成中都含有一种相同元素,且X和Y在一定条件下可以发生化学反应,则C的化学式为______,A与X反应的化学方程式为______.

(4)若A与Y在一定条件可以直接转化为C,且A、B、C均为化合物,B、A、C的相对分子质量依次递增,则A、B、C三种物质的化学式分别为______、______、______.

答案

(1)X、Y都是氧气,A与氧气生成的B还能和氧气反应,只能是碳与氧气反应生成一氧化碳,一氧化碳再与氧气反应生成二氧化碳,故答案为:A是C.

(2)A、C是同种物质,且A与X反应生成的B还能和Y反应生成原来的反应物,我们熟悉的只能是碳酸钙与盐酸反应生成二氧化碳,二氧化碳再与氢氧化钙反应生成碳酸钙,故答案为:CaCO3+2HCl═CaCl2+H2O+CO2↑;CO2+Ca(OH)2═CaCO3↓+H2O.

(3)A、B、C三种物质的组成中都含有一种相同元素,且X和Y在一定条件下可以发生化学反应,可知A、C为氧化物,X是一种还原剂,与A反应生成金属单质B,Y为氧气,与B反应再次生成另一种金属氧化物,故答案为:Fe3O4,Fe2O3+3CO

 高温 
.
 
2Fe+3CO2.

(4)A与Y在一定条件可以直接转化为C,且A、B、C均为化合物,B、A、C的相对分子质量依次递增,可知A、B与X、Y参与的反应是置换反应,且B中金属元素的相对分子质量最小,A中的次之,C中的最大,X的活动性大于Y,A中金属元素的活动性最弱,C中的最强,故答案为:CuSO4,FeSO4,ZnSO4

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Plants are very important. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and

man can't make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals can get their food by eating plants and other

animals. Man gets his food by eating plants and animals, too. So animals and man need plants in order to (为了)

live. This is why there are so many plants around us.

     There are two kinds of plants, flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Almost all the trees around us are

flowering plants. You can know some trees from their flowers and fruits. Non-flowering plants do not grow

flowers. You can't see many non-flowering plants around you.

     If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are many kinds of plants. Some

plants are large and some are small. Most of them are green. Thanks to the plants around us, we can live on

the earth.

1. Why are plants very important?

A. Because we can get food from plants.

B. Because they can give us shade (阴凉).

C. Because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight.

D. Because they are flowers.

2. We need many plants around us because ________.

A. plants can grow easily

B. plants are green

C. we can get what we need from plants

D. we like all kinds of plants

3. What are the two kinds of plants?

A. Flowering plants and fruits.

B. Non-flowering plants and fruits.

C. Threes and vegetables.

D. Flowering plants and non-flowering plants.

4. There are _________ non-flowering plants than flowering plants around us.

A. much fewer

B. much more

C. much larger

D. much better

5. The best title (标题) for this passage is ______.

A. Food from plants

B. Plants Make Food

C. Man and Animals

D. Plants around Us

单项选择题