问题 阅读理解

Imagine one day, the water taps in your house stop running. You have to buy water from shops. And still there isn’t enough for everyone. Your mother has to save the family’s shower water to do other things. Would you be able to stand that kind of life?

Probably not. But that’s what kids in Yemen are experiencing. Experts said Yemen is going to be the first country in the world to run out of water. According to a report, the capital, Sanaa, will run out of drinking water as early as 2025.

Because of the shortage, the government often cuts the water supply. Hannan, an 18-year-old from Lahej, told the Times: “In a good week we’ll have a water supply all week. But then the following week there will be water only for a day or two.”

Hannan said only rich people have enough water to use. They can buy water from the shops or from the water truck. Private companies own the trucks. They travel around the city every day to sell water – at very high prices.

“A lot of people can’t afford it,” she said.

The average person in Yemen uses 100 to 200 cubic meters of water per year. That is far below the international water poverty line of 1,000 cubic meters.

The government is thinking of making use of seawater. But it will cost a lot and it may not happen soon enough to help the people of Yemen.

小题1:The purpose of the text is to _______.

A.tell us what life is like in Yemen

B.draw our attention to water shortage

C.remind us how important water is

D.show us ways of solving problems小题2:The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refers to _____.

A.buying water from shops

B.drinking dirty water

C.suffering from water shortage

D.washing clothes with used water小题3:Hannan described _____.

A.what her life is like

B.how beautiful Lahej is

C.how people use water fully

D.how heavy the traffic in Lahej is小题4:The Yemen Government _____.

A.has found a practical solution

B.only cares about rich people

C.may try to make use of seawater

D.can do nothing about the water supply小题5:We can infer from the text that _____.

A.Sanaa will run out of water in 10 years

B.Hannan is a teenager from a rich family

C.the capital of Yemen is developing fast

D.private companies make a lot of money

答案

       

小题1:B

小题1:C

小题1:A

小题1:C

小题1:D

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下文,完成文后各题。

龙图腾原型的猜想

自古以來,龙一直被视为华夏民族图腾。

近年来,考古发现的龙迹、龙形器越来越多,这些龙形古玉器都雕有猪头,由此,有学者认为家猪才是龙的原型。至于先民经历了怎样的心理过程,才会把现时中食潲水为生的猪奉為神灵并加以崇拜,上述理论则无法解释。

內蒙古赤峰红山文化出土的众多龙形玉器,颈部明显像马,弓腰弯尾则像蓄势待发的修蛇。经中国考古专家鉴定,确定为原始社会新石器時代的“玉龙”,距今接近6000年。安徽省凌家滩遗址(约5300年~5600年前)有件轰动一时、被多数专家认为确属龙形的玉器,同样具有马首长鬣的特征。

这些古老的龙形玉器上,只简单地体现着马首蛇身的特征。由此可见,马与蛇是龙图腾最原始的两种基态。

马龙之说,其实有很多史料辅证。东汉王充《论衡》早就说了:“世俗画龙之象,马首蛇身。由是言之,马、蛇之类也。”成书于战国的《周礼》提及周人祭马祖之俗:“马八尺以上为龙,六尺以上为馬。”战国时一尺等于23.1厘米,八尺合1.85米。蒙古草原繁衍的都是矮种马,能达到这个高度的只有西域胡国的“天马”“龙马”了。唐朝时史家还将罕见的千里马称为“龙种”。北大教授林梅村曾撰文考证,吐火罗语里表示“神”的词就是印欧雅利安语里的“双马神”,就是汉语里的“龙”。

吐火罗民族就是夏民族。古代匈奴、南越等民族拜天地鬼神的祭俗叫“龙祠”“龙忌”“请龙”,《史记》说匈奴和南越都是夏族的后裔。到勾践为止,越国配祀大禹先王有一两千年的历史了。

夏族与所有印欧部落一样是游牧民族,东征西伐的过程中最重视马匹,將威猛无俦的高头大马视为神灵,加以膜拜,那是十分自然的事。所谓的飞龙氏、潜龙氏、青龙氏、赤龙氏、白龙氏、黑龙氏、黃龙氏,还有《易经》的“见龙在田”“龙战于野”等等的龙,以马来解释,再恰当不过了。

西方学者的研究得出结论,蛇与女神崇拜属于史前定居文化“黃金时期”的宗教信仰,印欧人的入侵摧残了他们的文化。世界各地印欧神话中都有与蛇搏斗的描绘,如阿卡德神话马尔都克杀死母神提亚玛特(形象为七首巨蛇),北欧神话雷神托尔和大蛇尤蒙冈多之战,《圣经》称撒旦为古蛇,印度神话也有那迦,人首蛇身,与大鵬鸟迦楼罗为敌。

(选自《中国青年》2008年第5期)

小题1:以下对有关“中国龙的原型”的说明,不正确的一项是                  (   )

A.近年來相关考古中所发现的一些雕有猪头的龙形古玉器,使得有些学者据此做出了家猪才是龙的原型的结论。

B.红山文化出土的龙形玉器造型以其颈部明显像马、弓腰弯尾则像修蛇的特有造型,为龙的原型的研究提供了新的物证。

C.近年出土的更远古年代文物中的龙形玉器所体现的马首蛇身特征,有力的表明马与蛇是中国龙最原始的两种基态。

D.“马龙之说”不仅被近年越来越多的考古发现所证实,而且也从很多中国以及西方的古代文献中找到了有力证据。小题2:以下说法,符合原文意思的一项是              (   )

A.“龙祠”“龙忌”“请龙”都是古代夏族拜天地鬼神的祭俗,据《史记》记载,这种习俗一直延续到后世的战国。

B.马成为龙图腾的最原始的基态之一,与本属于游牧民族并将马视为神灵因而加以膜拜的夏族有很深的渊源关系。

C.《易经》“见龙在田”“龙战于野”等记载,证明了当初的夏族与印欧部落曾结成联盟,参与了对史前定居文化的摧残。

D.西方学者根据中国古代史料和有关世界各地印欧神话传说,推断出在古代游牧文化曾广泛征服摧残过定居文化。小题3:根据原文提供的信息,以下推断不正确的一项是    (   )

A.相关研究早就证实,中国龙作为先民的图腾,在自然界并非真实存在,自然界里是沒有这种动物的。

B.用科学的眼光分析,龙的形象应该是先民在一种或多种动物的原型上,以神话思维加工改造而成的。

C.夏族的扩张既摧毀了崇拜女神的史前定居民族文化,又把蛇图腾崇拜接受过來,与自己的马图腾结合起來,形成马首蛇身的原始龙形象。

D.古代的神州大地曾是民族融合的大熔炉,中国龙正是夏族、印欧部落入侵中原之后而出现的民族大融合的产物。

单项选择题