问题 问答题

塑料购物袋是日常生活中的易耗品。它在为消费者提供便利的同时,由于过量使用及回收处理不到位等原因,造成了严重的能源资源浪费和环境污染。塑料购物袋问题引起了社会各界的广泛关注。
2006年W市环保局收到市人大和市政协有关环境保护的议案和提案共35件,其中多件涉及塑料袋的使用问题。到2007年底,全国有10多个省市地方政府在本地人大代表和政协委员的建议和监督下,相继出台并实施了限制使用塑料购物袋的规定。在总结各地方实践经验的基础上,国务院办公厅发布了《国务院办公厅关于限制生产销售使用塑料购物袋的通知》(简称“限塑令”),并决定于2008年6月1日起在全国范围实施。国务院通知要求,采取禁止生产、销售、使用超薄塑料购物袋,实行塑料购物袋有偿使用制度等6项措施,以促进资源综合利用,保护生态环境。
(1)根据经济常识,分析“限塑令”对生产塑料袋的企业和消费者将会带来的影响,以及企业和消费者可以采取的应对措施。
(2)运用矛盾主次方面的知识分析发布“限塑令”的哲学依据。

答案

参考答案:(1)就企业而言,在其他条件不变的情况下,“限塑令”会使生产塑料袋企业直接面对需求减少的状况。在竞争加剧的情况下,企业面临的选择有:①改进企业生产技术,转产不在“限塑令”范围内的其他塑料产品;②被兼并或退出该领域;③企业提高符合标准的塑料袋售价,将增加的成本转移给商业企业;或通过加强企业管理等措施,将增加的成本消化在企业内部。
就消费者而言:①“限塑令”增加了消费成本,影响消费行为,如减少塑料袋的使用等;②“限塑令”引导人们树立绿色消费观念,如使用布袋等。
(2)塑料购物袋的使用对社会的影响具有利弊两重性,既便利了消费者,也由于过量使用和回收处理不到位而造成环境污染,便利与污染构成了塑料购物袋的使用产生的矛盾的两方面。塑料购物袋过量使用造成的环境危害是这对矛盾的主要方面,决定着事物的性质。发布“限塑令”,禁止和限制使用塑料购物袋,要求消费者在享受塑料购物袋带来的方便的同时,也必须履行保护环境的义务,以减轻塑料袋对环境的污染。

完形填空
Life is filled with challenges. As we get older we 26 realize that those challenges are the very things that  27  us and make us who we are, it is the same with the challenges that come with  28 .                                                   
When we are faced with a challenge, we usually have two  29 : we can try to  30  it off, or we can decide that the thing presenting the challenge isn’t worth the  31  and call it quits. Although there are  32  times when calling it quits is the right thing to do, in most  33  all that is needed is commitment and  34 .
When we are devoted to  35 , it means that no matter how  36  or how uncomfortable something is, we will always choose to  37  it instead of running away from it. Communication is making a  38  for discussion and talking about how you feel instead of just saying what the other person did wrong.  39  you can say to a friend, “I got my feelings hurt.”  40  “You hurt my feelings,” you are going to be able to solve the problem much faster.
In dealing with many challenges that friendship will bring to you, try to see them for  41  they are: small hurdles(障碍) you need to jump or  42  on your way through life. Nothing is so big that it is impossible to get over, and hurt only  43  to make us stronger. It’s all part of growing up, it happens to everyone, and some day you will  44 on all of this and say, “ 45  as it was, it made me who I am today. And that is a good thing.”
小题1:
A.seem toB.come to C.hope toD.try to
小题2:
A.designB.promoteC.directD.shape
小题3:
A.successB.pressureC.friendshipD.difficulty
小题4:
A.opportunitiesB.expectations C.choicesD.aspects
小题5:
A.beatB.showC.takeD.fall
小题6:
A.commentB.lossC.troubleD.expense
小题7:
A.hardlyB.certainlyC.consequently D.exactly
小题8:
A.issuesB.casesC.eventsD.affairs
小题9:
A.communicationB.confidence C.courage D.consideration
小题10:
A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing
小题11:
A.doubtfulB.shamefulC.harmfulD.painful
小题12:
A.keepB.controlC.faceD.catch
小题13:
A.chanceB.planC.topicD.room
小题14:
A.IfB.AsC.WhileD.Unless
小题15:
A.other thanB.rather thanC.or ratherD.or else
小题16:
A.whatB.whoC.whereD.which
小题17:
A.pass byB.come across C.get throughD.run over
小题18:
A.servesB.meansC.aimsD.attempts
小题19:
A.look intoB.look forC.look outD.look back
小题20:
A.InterestingB.SurprisingC.Complicated D.Hard
单项选择题 A2型题