问题 填空题

如图表示初中常见几种不同物质之间的关系,图中“…”表示虚线两边的物质可以转化或相互反应.请根据以下每个问题的具体情况分别进行回答.

(1)若从A到E,物质间能够依次转化.

已知A、E为单质,B、C、D为氧化物,A、B、C、E常温下为气体,把D加热到100℃时也为气体.则D的化学式为______,B转化成C的化学方程式为:______.

(2)若从A到E,相邻物质间可以互相反应.

已知C为单质,A与B反应的主要现象是红色粉末变为黑色,D与E反应的主要现象是银白色固体变为红色.则C的化学式为______,D和E反应的化学方程式为______.

(3)若以C为中心,两端的物质可以依次向中心转化生成C,也可以直接转化生成C.已知A是最简单的有机物,D的相对分子质量为100.则B的化学式为______,A转化成B的化学方程式为______,D转化成C的化学方程式为______.

答案

(1)把D加热到100℃时也为气体,所以D就是水,D、可以相互转化成E,所以E是氢气或氧气,A也是单质,会转化成氧化物B,所以A是氧气,E是氢气,B、C、D都是氧化物,A会转化成B,所以B是一氧化碳,C是二氧化碳,故答案为:H2O

一氧化碳和氧气在点燃的条件下生成二氧化碳,故答案为:2CO+O2

 点燃 
.
 
2CO2

(2)A与B反应的主要现象是红色粉末变为黑色,所以A是氧化铁,A就是一氧化碳,D与E反应的主要现象是银白色固体变为红色.所以D就是铁,E就是硫酸铜,C为单质,会与铁反应,也会与一氧化碳反应,所以C就是氧气,故答案为:O2

铁和硫酸铜反应生成硫酸亚铁和铜,故答案为:Fe+CuSO4=Cu+FeSO4

(3)A是最简单的有机物,所以A就是甲烷,D的相对分子质量为100,D就是碳酸钙,甲烷会生成C,碳酸钙也会生成C,所以C就是水,所以B是二氧化碳,E是氢氧化钙,故答案为:CO2

甲烷和氧气在点燃的条件下生成水和二氧化碳,故答案为:CH4+2O2

 点燃 
.
 
2CO2+2H2O

碳酸钙和盐酸反应生成氯化钙、水和二氧化碳,故答案为:CaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+H2O+CO2

阅读理解

根据短文内容,选择正确答案。

      Many people have to work on the weekend. Some people do not mind. Other people think it is terrible

(可怕的). 

      One man thinks that working on the weekend can be dangerous. He is Graham Coates. Mr. Coates works

in an office in Brighton, England.

      On Saturday, May 24th, 1986, he went to the office to do some work. When he got on the elevator (电梯),

it stopped between floors. Mr. Coates could not get out of the elevator. He started to shout, but no one heard

him. Then Mr. Coates remembered that it was a holiday in England. No one was going to come to work until

Tuesday.

      There was nothing for Mr. Coates to do. He had to wait until one of co-workers came to work and found

him. With nothing to eat or drink, Mr. Coates ended up sleeping for most of the time.

      Early on Tuesday morning, the vice president (总统) of the company came into work and found the

elevator was not working. When the elevator was opened, Mr. Coates came out cold, weak, and tired. He had

been in the elevator for 62 hours!

      Now Mr. Coates says, "I only use elevator if they have telephones in them."

1. Why could Mr. Coates not get out of the elevator? [ ]

A. It was broken.

B. It was the weekend.

C. It was in an office.

D. It was a holiday.

2. In the elevator, there was no            . [ ]

A. food

B. water

C. telephone

D. all of the above

3. What did Mr. Coates do in the elevator? [ ]

A. He shouted.

B. He waited.

C. He slept.

D. All of the above

4. How long was be in the elevator? [ ]

A. For 62 hours

B. On Sunday.

C. For the weekend.

D. Never

5. Who helped him get out of the elevator? [ ]

A. His co-worker.

B. His office.

C. His mother.

D. The elevator.

填空题