As one works with color in a practical, or experimental way, one is impressed by two apparently unrelated facts. Color as seen is a mobile, changeable thing (1) to a large extent on the relationship of the color (2) other colors (3) simultaneously. It is not (4) in its relation to the direct stimulus which (5) it. On the other hand, the properties of surfaces that give (6) to color do not seem to change greatly under a wide variety of illumination color, usually (but not always) looking much the same in artificial light as in daylight. Both of these effects seem to be (7) in large part to the mechanism of color (8) .

When the eye is (9) to a colored area, there is an immediate readjustment of the (10) of the eye to color in and around the area (11) . This readjustment does not promptly affect the color seen but usually does affect the next area to which the (12) is shifted. The longer the time of viewing, the higher the (13) , and the larger the area, the greater the effect will be (14) its persistence in the (15) viewing situation. As indicated by the work of Wright and Schouten, it appears that, at (16) for a first approximation, full adaptation takes place over (17) time if the adapting source is moderately bright and the eye has been in (18) darkness just previously. Also, (19) of the persistence of the effect if the eye is shifted around from one object to another, all of which are at similar brightness or have similar colors, the adaptation will tend to become (20) over the whole eye.

1（）

A.liable

B.focusing

C.typical

D.depending

阅读下面文言文，完成9—12题

张仪者，魏人也。始尝与苏秦俱事鬼谷先生，学术。张仪已学游说诸侯，遂入秦。惠王以为客卿，与谋伐诸侯。

秦欲伐齐，齐楚从亲，于是张仪往相楚。楚怀王闻张仪来，虚上舍而自馆之。曰：“此僻陋之国，子何以教之？”仪说楚王曰：“大王诚能听臣，闭关绝约于齐，臣请献商於之地六百里，使秦女得为大王箕帚之妾，秦楚娶妇嫁女，长为兄弟之国。此北弱齐而西益秦也，计无便此者。”楚王大说而许之。群臣皆贺，陈轸独吊之。楚王怒曰：“寡人不兴师发兵得六百里地，群臣皆贺，子独吊，何也？”陈轸对曰：“不然，以臣观之，商於之地不可得而齐秦合，齐秦合则患必至矣。”楚王曰：“有说乎？”陈轸对曰：“夫秦之所以重楚者，以其有齐也。今闭关绝约于齐，则楚孤。秦奚贪夫孤国，而与之商於之地六百里？张仪至秦，必负王，是北绝齐交，西生患于秦也，而两国之兵必俱至。善为王计者，不若阴合而阳绝于齐，使人随张仪,苟与吾地，绝齐未晚也；不与吾地，阴合谋计也。”楚王曰：“愿陈子闭口毋复言，以待寡人得地。”乃以相印授张仪，厚赂之。于是遂闭关绝约于齐，使一 * * 随张仪。

张仪至秦，佯失绥堕车，不朝三月。楚王闻之，曰：“仪以寡人绝齐未甚邪？”乃使勇士至宋，借宋之符，北骂齐王。齐王大怒，折节而下秦。秦齐之交合，张仪乃朝，谓楚使者曰：“臣有奉邑六里，愿以献大王左右。”楚使者曰：“臣受令于王，以商於之地六百里，不闻六里。”还报楚王，楚王大怒，发兵而攻秦。陈轸曰：“轸可发口言乎？攻之不如割地反以赂秦，与之并兵而攻齐，是我出地于秦，取偿于齐也，王国尚可存。”楚王不听，卒发兵而使 * * 屈匄（gài）击秦。

秦齐共攻楚，斩首八万，杀屈匄，遂取丹阳汉中之地。楚又复益发兵而袭秦，至蓝田，大战，楚大败，于是楚割两城以与秦平。

节选自《史记•张仪列传》

小题1:下列句子中加点词语解释错误的一项是（   ）

A．始尝与苏秦俱事鬼谷先生事：做事

B．于是张仪往相楚相：任国相

C．虚上舍而自馆之馆：安排住宿

D．卒发兵而使 * * 屈匄击秦卒 ：终于小题2:下列加点词的意义和用法都相同的一项（   ）

A．夫秦之所以重楚者，以其有齐也娘以指叩门扉

B．乃以相印授张仪，厚赂之今少卿乃教以推贤进士，无乃与仆之私心剌谬乎

C．楚王大怒，发兵而攻秦夫列子御风而行

D．今闭关绝约于齐其制稍异于前小题3:以下六句话，分别编为四组，全都是张仪欺诈权变之术的一组是（   ）

①张仪已学游说诸侯                ②臣请献商於之地六百里

③善为王计者，不若阴合而阳绝于齐  ④佯失绥堕车，不朝三月

⑤于是遂闭关绝约于齐              ⑥臣有奉邑六里，愿以献大王左右

A．②④⑤

B．①③⑥

C．②④⑥

D．②③⑥小题4:下列各项对文章内容的阐述，不正确的一项是（   ）

A．张仪以其欺诈权变之术、成竹在胸的韬略以及善于借物的本领，出色完成了“相楚”使命。

B．陈轸老谋深算、料事如神、直面陈言，是楚国的耿介衷肠之臣。

C．本文虽只有几百字，却有开端、发展、高潮、结局、余波，其中还不乏戏剧冲突和曲折的情节，几乎具备后世小说的全部特征。

D．由本文可知，楚王愚蠢贪婪、刚愎自用又感情冲动，终于落得个折兵损将、国破身亡的下场。小题5:把文言文阅读材料中画线的句子及课内句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）

（1）是我出地于秦，取偿于齐也，国尚可存。（4分）

（2）古者富贵而名摩灭，不可胜记，为倜傥非常之人称焉。（3分）

（3）前辟四窗，垣墙周庭，以当南日，日影反照，室始洞然。（4分）