问题 问答题

如何理解财政平衡?

答案

参考答案:财政平衡是指国家预算收支在量上的对比关系。这种收支对比关系有三种结果:一是收大于支有结余;一种是支大于收有逆差,即赤字;三是收支相等。对财政平衡不能做绝对的理解:(1)在实际生活中,略有节余应属基本平衡,略有赤字也应视为基本平衡,二者都是财政平衡的表现形式,因而财政平衡追求的目标是基本平衡或大体平衡。(2)研究财政平衡要有动态平衡的观点,不能局限于静态平衡。(3)研究财政平衡还要有全局的观点,不能就财政平衡论财政平衡。(4)财政收支平衡可以从中央预算平衡和地方预算平衡分别考察。

单项选择题
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I went over my grandmother’s house today and she didn’t have time for me. You see, the lady’s husband downstairs died and my Grandmother wanted to make some cookies for her. My grandmother did not analyze (分析) how the lady treated her, or if the lady needed any cookies, or even if the lady would like the cookies. She didn’t think how much the lady has done for her. She simply began baking.

My Grandmother turned 94 last week and this I believe is her secret to life. My grandmother is generous (慷慨) and hard-working in a way that is rare for our time. She lives by a simple belief: if someone needs your help, you help. Never mind all the analyzing and thinking whether the person deserves or appreciates the help. My grandmother doesn’t sit around thinking about who might be making use of her: she simply does what is needed.

At 94, she is busy in life. She is making a blanket for a new great grandchild, and worried that I don’t have enough kitchen towels for my home. She is bringing soup to a sick neighbor, and teaching the new wife of her cousin (who is 88) how to cook Italian food.

My grandmother had every right to give up, but she didn’t — and amazingly life did bring her good things, like a husband with twinkling blue eyes who was much ahead of his time and believed that men should do an equal amount of cooking and cleaning in the home, three beautiful children (my father and two aunts), 22 grandchildren, and five great grandchildren. My grandmother is not afraid to give someone she barely knows a bowl of soup. She never keeps herself out of the world.

61. The reason why my grandmother made cookies for the lady downstairs is that ________.

A. she thought the lady was too busy

B. she would make them as thanks to her

C. she thought she should do something for the lady at the special time

D. they had had an agreement before

62. In the writer’s opinion, ________.

A. my grandmother has a secret way of living

B. my grandmother does everything on careful consideration

C. few people are as generous as my grandmother now

D. my grandmother will get something in return

63. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. My grandmother cares for her children even some strangers.

B. My grandfather does not treat women in an unfair way.

C. This is a family in which there are nearly 30 people now.

D. My grandmother never keeps everything for herself.

64. We may infer from the text that the writer ________.

A. thinks his grandmother is living a tired life

B. thinks his grandmother is doing what she should do

C. thinks his grandmother should not be so kind

D. is proud of his grandmother