问题 名词解释

试述各型天疱疮的临床表现和病理特点。

答案

参考答案:

天疱疮好发于中年人,临床主要表现为皮肤上起水疱、糜烂、渗液,部分患者伴有口腔等黏膜水疱、糜烂。各型天疱疮的特点如下:(1)寻常型天疱疮:最常见和最严重的一型,皮疹好发口腔、胸背、头颈,重者泛发全身,为大量松弛性水疱,尼氏征阳性,继而出现大片糜烂面、渗液,糜烂不易愈合,水疱此起彼伏,一般伴有口腔黏膜水疱、糜烂。病理上主要表现为基底层上方水疱,可见绒毛形成。(2)增殖性天疱疮:为寻常型的良性异型,一般在寻常型天疱疮的基础上发展而来,多累及免疫力低的年轻人,好发于皮肤褶皱部位,常发于腋窝、 * * 下、脐周、腹股沟等处,主要表现为糜烂、渗液,疣状增生较明显,伴有恶臭。病理改变为基底层上方水疱或裂隙,棘层肥厚, * * 瘤样增生,可见嗜酸性脓肿形成。(3)落叶型天疱疮:好发于头面部、胸背部、水疱菲薄易破,一般不易见到水疱,而表现为鳞屑,似剥脱性皮炎样。病理改变为:角质层下或颗粒层下水疱。(4)红斑型天疱疮:为落叶型天疱疮的轻型,主要发生于头面部或躯干部,表现为红斑,非常表浅的水疱,常难见到水疱,而表现为红斑结痂,临床上似SLE或脂溢性皮炎。病理改变同落叶性天疱疮。

单项选择题
阅读理解

The King's School, Canterbury is an independent, co-educational secondary school. There are currently 791 pupils on the school roll(名单). The School has a long and distinguished history, and it is also one of the oldest charities in the country, providing scholarships to pupils and organizing a Charity of the Term.

The curriculum(课程)at King’s is based on strong academic roots. It emphasizes and relies upon what is best in traditional independent school education: scholarly excellence supported by a caring and tutorial system, and a wide-ranging co-curricular programme. However, it is continually adapting and reacting to the changing demands of modern education: new subjects are added, new teaching techniques adopted, and there is an increasing awareness of the need to provide programmes of study that match individual needs and skills.

The curriculum is divided into three units: the Lower School (Year 9), an introductory year; the Middle School (Years 10 and 11), working to GCSEs; and the Sixth Form ( Years 12 and 13), taking AS and A levels.  

Full details can be found in:  Shell Guide and Handbook; Middle School Academic Guide 2009-11; Middle School Academic Guide 2010-12;  Sixth Form Guide 2009-11 and Sixth Form Guide 2010-12.

Formal and structured educational support, for those who need it, is available at all levels. The well-stocked Library is open 7 days and 6 evenings per week. ICT facilities (including the Internet) are available for all and the whole school (studies within the Houses as well as classrooms) is extensively networked.   

Pupils are offered extensive careers advice throughout their time at King’s. Almost all go to university, either immediately or following a GAP year.  The most popular university destinations are Cambridge, Bristol, Nottingham, Durham, Leeds, Oxford, Edinburgh, Manchester, and University College, London.

Director of Studies: Geoff Cocksworth: grc@kings-school.co.uk

Examinations Officer: Elaine McDowell: eam@kings-school.co.uk  

小题1:The passage serves as a brief introduction to __________.

A.the King's School

B.the curriculum

C.the teaching plan

D.British education小题2: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage ?

A.The King's School, Canterbury is a famous high school in Britain.

B.The curriculum at King’sis best in traditional and modern education.

C.All pupils of the school go to university immediately after they graduate.

D.pupils’ dormitories as well as classrooms are provided with network小题3:The following can be inferred from the passage EXCEPT that __________.

A.The King's School focuses on pupils’ individual development

B.pupils in the King's School who pass GCSEs will go to university

C.pupils in the King's School have an easy access to the school library

D.pupils in the King's School receive good education小题4:The passage is probably taken from a ___________.

A.handbook

B.website

C.guide

D.teaching plan