问题 解答题
已知向量
a
=(1,1),
b
=(1,0),向量
c
满足
a
c
=0且|
a
|=|
c
|,
b
c
>0.
(I)求向量
c

(Ⅱ)映射f:(x,y)→(x′,y′)=x•
a
+y•
c
,若将(x,y)看作点的坐标,问是否存在直线l,使得直线l上任意一点P在映射f的作用下仍在直线l上?若存在,求出l的方程,若不存在,说明理由.
答案

(1)设

c
=(x,y),由题意可得
a
c
=x+y=0
|
a
|=|
c
|=
x2+y2
=
12+12

解方程组得

x=1
y=-1
x=-1
y=1

经验证当

x=-1
y=1
时不满足
b
c
>0
,当
x=1
y=-1
时满足题意,

c
=(1,-1).

(2)假设直线l存在,∴x

a
+y
c
=(x+y,x-y),∵点(x+y,x-y)在直线l上,

因此直线l的斜率存在且不为零,设其方程为y=kx+b(k≠0),

∴x-y=k(x+y)+b,即(1+k)y=(1-k)x-b,与y=kx+b表示同一直线,

∴b=0,k=-1±

2

故直线l存在,其方程为y=(-1+

2
)x,或y=(-1-
2
)x.

选择题
阅读理解

When my first wartime Christmas came, I was in basic training in New Jersey and not sure if I could make it home for the holidays. Only on the afternoon of December 23 was the list of men who would have three-day holidays posted. I was one of the lucky soldiers. It was Christmas eve when I arrived home, and a light snow had fallen. Mother opened the front door. I could see beyond her, into the corner of the living room where the tree had always stood. There were lights, all colors, and ornaments (装饰物) shining against the green of a pine. “Where did it come from?” I asked.

“I asked the Gates boy to cut it,” my mother said. “I wouldn’t have had one just for myself, such a rush!He just brought it in this afternoon…” The pine reached to the proper height, almost to the ceiling, and the tree top crystal star was in its place. A few green branches reached about a little awkwardly at the side, I thought, and there was a bit of bare trunk showing in the middle. But the tree filled the room with warm light and the whole house with the pleasant smell of Christmas. “It’s not like the one you used to find,” my mother went on. “Yours were always in good shape. I suppose the Gates boy didn’t know where to look for a good one. But I couldn’t be fussy (挑剔的).”

“Don’t worry,” I told her. “It’s perfect.” It wasn’t, of course, but at the moment I realized something for the first time: all Christmas trees are perfect.

小题1:From the passage, we can infer that ______.

A.the writer spent his first Christmas during the war

B.soldiers did not all go home for Christmas during the war

C.all the soldiers had three-day holidays

D.the writer could not go home for Christmas小题2:When the writer got home, ______.

A.it was December 23th

B.it was snowing heavily

C.he found a Christmas tree in the living room

D.the Gates boy was cutting a Christmas tree for his mother小题3:From this passage,we can conclude that ______.

A.the writer used to cut very beautiful Christmas trees

B.his mother didn’t like perfect trees

C.his mother didn’t want to have a tree

D.the writer wouldn’t have a tree cut by someone else小题4:“All Christmas trees are perfect”,because they can remind you of ______.

A.the wartime

B.the green of a pine

C.the pleasant smell

D.the sweet home小题5:The best title for this passage would be “______”.

A.How to Choose a Christmas Tree

B.How Soldiers Spent Christmas

C.The Perfect Christmas Tree

D.The Christmas Without a Tree