问题 实验题

若将气泡内的气体视为理想气体,气泡从湖底上升到湖面的过程中,对外界做了0.6J的功,则此过程中的气泡      (填“吸收”或“放出”)的热量是        J。气泡到达湖面后,温度上升的过程中,又对外界做了0.1J的功,同时吸收了0.3J的热量,则此过程中,气泡内气体内能增加了          _________J

答案

吸收   0.6    0.2

本题从热力学第一定律入手,抓住理想气内能只与温度有关的特点进行处理。理想气体等温过程中内能不变,由热力学第一定律,物体对外做功0.6J,则一定同时从外界吸收热量0.6J,才能保证内能不变。而温度上升的过程,内能增加了0.2J。

阅读理解

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Dear Abby,

This is my first letter to you, although I have been reading your column for many years. I need an outside opinion.

I am a grandmother in my 70s and have just returned from visiting my daughter, her husband and their three dearly loved children--all under the age of 5--and I'm upset with some of their parenting ways.

For example: They lock the doors to their children's bedrooms at night because the children might get out of their beds and wander around the house, and we may not hear them."

If one child should get punishment, all three are punished, and if one child says a naughty

word, all three are given hot sauce (辣酱汁) in the mouth. I know these parents love their children very much, but are these ways of disciplining them wise? Please understand, it is not my aim to interfere (干涉).

--- Gram

Dear Gram,

Children's bedroom doors should not be locked. Should a flash fire break out, it would be a nightmare (噩梦).Punishing all the children when only one has earned the punishment is a good way to make them grow up to hate each other. Children who use "naughty" words should not be punished with hot sauce in the mouth-they should be taught the proper and acceptable word to use instead of the "naughty" word. 

---  Abby

49. Gram's daughter _____________.

A. is very strict with her children            B. does not love her three children

C. always punishes her children at night      D. often gives her children hot sauce

50. The passage doesn't say so, but from the lines you'll find that __________.

A. Gram likes writing letters               B. Gram likes watching children

C. Gram likes reading newspapers          D. Gram likes visiting her daughter

51. Gram writes the letter in order to ____________.

A. disclose her daughter's ways as a mother        

B. criticize her daughter's ways as a mother

C. express her anger about her daughter s ways as a mom

D. get others' opinion about her daughter's ways as a mom

52. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Gram seems to care for her grand children very much.

B. Gram is against some of her daughter's ways as a mom.

C. Abby is for only one of Gram's daughter's ways as a mom.

D. Abby agrees with Gram about her daughter's ways as a mom.

不定项选择