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问题 选择题

— ____ is it from here?

— It's about five minutes' walk. [ ]

A. How long

B. How soon

C. How often

D. How far

答案

答案：D

阅读理解

Most cars have seat belts as part of their equipment. Seat belts protect drivers and passengers in case of accidents. They also reduce the effect of a crash on the body. 小题1: Worldwide, the devices have protected up to a million people.

America first recognized the invention of an automobile seat belt in 1849. The government gave a patent to an engineer named Edward Claghorn of New York City so that others would not copy his invention of a safety device.  小题2: This early version of safety belt was said to include hooks and other attachments for securing the person to a fixed object.

Other inventors followed with different versions of the seat belt.  小题3: It resulted from the work of a Swedish engineer, Nils Bohlin. His three-point, lap and shoulder seat belt first appeared on cars in Europe 50 years ago.

Nils Bohlin recognized that both the upper and lower body needed to be held securely in place. His invention contained a cloth strap（带子）that was placed across the chest and another strap across his hips.  小题4: 

Volvo was the first company to offer the modern seat belt to its cars. This company also provided use of Nils Bohlin's design to other car-makers.

 小题5: He received a gold medal from the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences in 1995. He died in Sweden in 2002.

A．The Swedish engineer won many honors for his seat belt.

B．Claghorn was a promising young engineer with many honors all his life.

C．The design joined the straps next to the hip.

D．There are many companies adopting Nils Bohlin's invention of the belt.E. Safety experts say that seat belts save thousands of lives a year in America alone.

F. But more than 100 years passed before the current seat belt was developed.

G. Claghorn called his invention a safety belt.
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单项选择题

Lichens may grow on the bark of a tree in a steaming tropical rain forest, on the bricks of big city buildings, on rocks in hot springs, on wind-swept mountaintops, and in the driest desserts. In the arctic, they provide the principal food for caribou, and they are one of the few plants that grow in Antarctica. They are pioneers, appearing in barren rocky areas and starting the formation of soil in which mosses, then ferns, and then other plants can take root.
Lichens are a partnership of two plants — fungi and algae. The lichen body is made up of a network of fungal strands. In the upper layers of these grow groups of algae. The two organisms live together to the benefit of both, a relationship known as symbiosis. The fungi provide support, absorb water, and shelter the tender algae from direct sunlight. The algae carry on photosynthesis and provide the fungi with food. The algae can live independently and are recognizable as a species that grows alone. The fungi, on the other hand, cannot live apart from their partners. They can be placed in known classes of fungi but are unlike any species that lives independently.
So definite are the form, color, and characteristics of these double organisms that for hundreds of years, they were classified as one. More than 15,000 "species" were named. If these organisms are classified as separate species, it is difficult to fit them into the existing system of classification. But if they are classified separately, these species of fungi seem rather strange. Lichens are a splendid example of the difficulties faced by taxonomists in classifying species.

According to the passage, the algae ______ .

A．may not carry on photosynthesis alone
B．supply food to the fungi
C．can’t live separately

D．aren’t recognizable as a species
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