问题 阅读理解

阅读理解。

      Parents whose children show a special interest in a sport feel very difficult to make a decision about their

children's careers. Should they allow their children to train to become top sports men and women? For many

children it means starting schoolwork very young, and going out with friends and other interests have to take

a second place. It's very difficult to explain to a young child why he or she has to train five hours a day, even

at the weekend, when most of his or her friends are playing.

      Another problem is of course money. In many countries money for training is available from government

for the very best young sportsmen and women. If this help can not be given, it means that it is the parents

who have to find the time and the money to support their child's development and sports clothes, transport to

competitions, special equipment, etc. Can all be very expensive?

      Many parents are worried that it is dangerous to start serious training in a sport at an early age. Some

doctors agree that young muscles may be damaged by training before they are properly developed. Professional

(专业的) trainers, however, believe that it is only by training young that you can reach the top as a successful

sports person. It is clear that very few people do reach the top, and both parents and children should be

prepared for failure even after many years of training.

1. This article is most probably taken from ____. [ ]

A. a letter

B. an advertisement

C. a personal diary

D. a newspaper article

2. According to the passage, parents whose children show a special interest in sport ____. [ ]

A. feel uncertain if they should let their children train to be sports men or women.

B. try to get financial(财政的) support from the government for their children's training.

C. have to get medical advice from doctors about training methods.

D. prefer their children to be trained as young as possible.

3. Which of the following statements is NOT true? [ ]

A. By starting young, you won't have much time for your schoolwork.

B. Early training may damage your muscles.

C. Most children may become professional sports men after a long period of training.

D. It's very expensive for parents to support their child's development in sports.

4. The phrase "to take a second place" means ____. [ ]

A. to repeat the activities some other day

B. to become less important

C. of all the things, they are the most important

D. to happen again

5. ____ can become the best players after many years of training. [ ]

A. Most people

B. Some people

C. Hardly any people

D. No people

答案

1-5: DACBC

单项选择题

普适的、统一的时间概念,是整个经典物理学的一个出发点(1)。牛顿曾经这样规定时间的本性:“绝对的纯粹的数学的时间,就其本性一说,均匀地流逝而与任何外在情况无关。”时间概念也是相对论的一个出发点。不过,按照相对论,不再存在绝对的统一的时间了(2)。也就是说,不同的测量者一般将测到不同的时间。相对论断言,如果甲和乙是一对孪生弟兄,甲和乙的年龄增长并不一定总是相同的。这决定于他们参与运动有没有差别,一般说,运动状态不同,时间的流逝也就不同,结果年龄的增加也不同。1966年,实验直接证明了这一断言。1971年,比较收音机上的钟和地面钟测时的差别,再次证明了这类现象。总之,只有明确钟沿着怎样的轨道运动,才能使用它来进行含义明确的时间测量。

和相对论同时代发展起来的量子理论,本来并不涉及时间问题,但是它却给时间概念带来了最大的“灾难”(3)。量子论中有一条普遍的原理,即测不准原理:任何物体的运动有一种根本性的不确定性,以致我们原则上不可能精确地确定物体的运动的轨道。这样,一方面相对论断言,要使时间测量有意义,原则上必须知道钟的运动轨道;另一方面量子论断言,任何物体原则上可能确定它们的精确轨道。因此,只要相对论和量子论正确,结论只能是:时间在原则上是不能测量的,一个在原则上不能进行直接或间接测量的量,是没有物理意义的。于是,时间存在的根基被动摇了。不过,日常的测时并不是精确的,定量一点说,我们并不要测准到10-43秒,这就可以避开这个“灾难”。

根据本文所提供的信息,下面推论正确的是()。

A.量子理论和相对论在时间能不能测准的问题上是水火不相容的

B.对时间进行测量是违背量子论的而符合相对论的

C.经典物理学和相对论在时间概念上都有需要改进的地方

D.量子理论和相对论都认为时间在原则上是不能测量的

多项选择题