问题 多项选择题

强心苷不适用于下列哪些类心衰()。

A.肺心病引起的心衰

B.高血压引起的心衰

C.严重贫血引起的心衰

D.活动性心肌炎引起的心衰

E.维生素B1缺乏引起的心衰

答案

参考答案:A, C, D, E

解析:①强心苷对伴有心房扑动、颤动的心功能不全疗效最好;②对心脏瓣膜病、先天性心脏病及心脏负担过重(如高血压)引起的心功能不全疗效良好;③对甲状腺功能亢进、严重贫血及维生素B1缺乏引起的心力衰竭疗效较差,因为这些疾病主要是由于心肌收缩所需能量的产生或贮存发生障碍,强心苷对此很难奏效;④对肺源性心脏病、活动性心肌炎以及严重心肌损害引起的心功能不全,疗效也较差;⑤对机械性阻塞如缩窄性心包炎、重度二尖瓣狭窄等引起的心力衰竭,强心苷疗效很差或无效,因为这些疾病主要矛盾是心室舒张受到限制,心收缩力虽可增加,但心排出量仍少,不能改善心力衰竭的症状,应进行手术治疗;⑥对急性心力衰竭或伴有肺水肿的患者,宜选用作用迅速的毒毛花苷K或毛花苷C静脉注射。待病情稳定后改用口服地高辛维持。

判断题
阅读理解

  Regardless of their family background, the children’s reactions to new environments have struck the public. 

In one episode of Dad! , the five-year-old daughter of former Olympic diving champion Tian Liang cries and hides behind her father when they arrive at a rural village. In an episode of the other series, a young girl in Tianjin breaks down into a tearful fit after being asked by her father to go out alone to buy eggs and a pancake.

In the eyes of some observers, these kids show no sense of independence, and the reason is put down to parents who are overly sheltering. But television viewers and parents were heartened when the sobbing Tianjin girl finally wiped away her tears as she returned holding the pancake. In the case of Tian’s daughter, she eventually began to take care of her younger companions and learned to seek help from people she didn’t know.

The father of the Tianjin girl felt “delightfully shocked” and said. “She used to have to be accompanied by her mother or grandmother. Now she has the courage to do it all by herself. ”

The shows have led many parents to change how they raise their children. Shanghai mother Liang Jing said she would try to “give some training” to her shy son, asking him to tidy up his toys. Lin Yi, a parenting expert in Beijing, said giving kids a chance to do things for themselves helps to raise their sense of achievement, which carries benefits throughout their lives. ”

小题1:What attracts the audience’s eyes in the programs?

A.What the kids’ family background is like.

B.Where children’s real comfort zone is.

C.How children react to new environments.

D.Why those children are independent.小题2:What is Tian Liang’s daughter expected to do in the show?

A.Go out to buy something alone.

B.Hide in a safe place to avoid a danger.

C.Make friends with strange adults.

D.Live in a rural village with her father.小题3:It can be inferred from the underline words “delightfully shocked” that     .

A.father is more important than mother in a family

B.children deserve a chance to be independent

C.parents should provide a safe environment

D.the children are as fragile as parents expected小题4:The shows are bound to raise a wave of discussion about    .

A.protecting good traditions

B.the social safety

C.approaches to parenting

D.the influence of TV programmes