问题 问答题

已知A-G均为初中化学常见的物质.其中A、B的组成元素相同,D是形成温室效应的主要原因,F中含有三种元素,E和G只有阳离子不同.根据图中所示的转化关系(图中“-”表示相互间能反应,“→”表示在一定条件下能生成该物质,反应条件均已略去),请回答:

(1)C的化学式______、E中的阴离子符号是______、F的俗名为______;

(2)反应①是自然界最常见的反应,我们称之为______;反应②的化学方程式是______;反应③的化学方程式是______,该反应的基本类型是______反应,反应后过滤,把所得沉淀洗涤、干燥、称量,即可计算反应时消耗的F物质的质量.如果实验过程中没有洗涤,则计算所得F的质量______(填“偏大”或“偏小”或“不变”).

答案

因为A、B的组成元素相同,所以A可能是双氧水,B可能是水,C是氧气,D是形成温室效应的主要原因,所以D是二氧化碳,E和G只有阳离子不同,E可以是氢氧化钠,G可以是氢氧化钙,带入框题可以判断以上假设正确(其它合理答案均为正确的);

(1)由分析知C的化学式是O2,E中的阴离子符号是OH-,F是二氧化碳和氢氧化钠反应生成的碳酸钠,碳酸钠俗称纯碱;

(2)反应①是自然界最常见的反应光合作用,反应②的方程式为CO2+2NaOH═Na2CO3+H2O,反应③的化学方程式是Ca(OH)2+Na2CO3═CaCO3↓+2NaOH,该反应符合复分解反应的特征,如果沉淀没有洗涤,(沉淀量比实际值要大)则计算出的F质量也会偏大;

故答案为:(1)O2;OH-;纯碱;(2)①光合作用;②CO2+2NaOH═Na2CO3+H2O;③Ca(OH)2+Na2CO3═CaCO3↓+2NaOH;复分解;偏大;

完形填空
完形填空
     A large cat arrived at a farm where many mice lived.None of them dared go outside for fear of
being   1   by the cat.
     The mice decided to hold a   2   to find a way of stopping themselves from being in_3_.One day,
when the cat was out, mice of all ages   4   into the meeting room.
     "Let's build a big trap, "one mouse  5  .When this idea was  6  , another said, "What about
poisoning (毒死) her?"But  7   knew where to buy the poison.One young mouse, whose mother had
become the cat's food,   8   said, "Let's cut her teeth, so she can do no more harm."But the meeting
did not accept his  9  .
     At last, one mouse,   10   than the rest, jumped onto a table.Waving a bell, he called for  11  , "Be
quiet!We'll tie this bell to the cat's tail, so we'll always know   12   she is!We'll have  13    to escape,
and the slower and weaker mice will hear her coming and be able to  14  !" Hearing the words, everyone
got  15   and they congratulated him on his good idea.
     "We'll tie it so tightly (紧紧地) that it will never  16  !"
     "She'll never be able to walk 17   again!Why, the other day, she suddenly appeared right in front
of me!Just imagine..."
     However, the wise mouse said, "We must  18    who is going to tie it on her tail." There was not a
sound in the room.Nobody was  19   enough to put the plan into action.The meeting ended without any
decision being made.
     It's often very  20   to have bright ideas, but putting them into practice is a more difficult matter.
( )1. A. trained    
( )2. A. party      
( )3. A. return      
( )4. A. rushed      
( )5. A. questioned  
( )6. A. supported  
( )7. A. everybody  
( )8. A. angrily    
( )9. A. present    
( )10. A. younger    
( )11. A. pleasure  
( )12. A. where      
( )13. A. experience
( )14. A. shout      
( )15. A. worried    
( )16. A. drop off  
( )17. A. gladly    
( )18. A. believe    
( )19. A. honest    
( )20. A. easy      
B. taught      
B. test        
B. danger      
B. swam        
B. explained  
B. discussed  
B. nobody      
B. happily    
B. reason      
B. longer      
B. silence    
B. what        
B. power      
B. watch      
B. excited    
B. turn up    
B. quickly    
B. learn      
B. brave      
B. difficult  
C. caught      
C. game        
C. fact        
C. flew        
C. suggested  
C. accepted    
C. somebody    
C. carefully  
C. idea        
C. stronger    
C. help        
C. how        
C. time        
C. stay        
C. surprised  
C. get up      
C. quietly    
C. imagine    
C. rich        
C. strange    
D. invited      
D. meeting      
D. need        
D. stepped      
D. answered    
D. refused      
D. anybody      
D. slowly      
D. excuse      
D. wiser        
D. information  
D. who          
D. space        
D. hide        
D. tired        
D. put off      
D. directly    
D. decide      
D. old          
D. important    
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