问题 多选题

一包不纯的Na2CO3固体,其杂质可能是CaCl2、NaCl、NaHCO3中的一种或几种.现取该样品,溶于水得到澄清溶液;另取样品10.6g,加入100g稀盐酸恰好完全反应,产生气体4g,则下列判断正确的是(  )

A.加水得澄清溶液,样品中一定没有CaCl2

B.样品中一定含有NaHCO3,可能含有NaCl

C.样品中一定含有NaCl,可能含有NaHCO3

D.所加的稀盐酸溶质质量分数不大于7.3%

答案

由于碳酸钠和氯化钙能够生成白色的碳酸钙沉淀,而取该样品,溶于水得到澄清溶液,所以固体中一定不会含有氯化钙,假设该固体都是碳酸钠,则设生成的二氧化碳的质量是x反应的氯化氢的质量是y

Na2CO3+2HCl═2NaCl+H2O+CO2

10673 44

10.6g yx

106
10.6g
=
44
x
=
73
y

x=4.4g y=7.3g

由于杂质是碳酸氢钠也能生成二氧化碳,且碳酸氢钠的相对分子质量比碳酸钠小,所以同质量的碳酸氢钠比碳酸钠生成的二氧化碳要多,故杂质中不能全部是碳酸氢钠,故还一定含有氯化钠,且杂质可以全部是氯化钠,也可以是氯化钠和碳酸氢钠两者都有;

如果该固体全部是碳酸钠,此时盐酸的溶质质量分数是

7.3g
100g
×100%=7.3%,而反应中的二氧化碳小于4.4g,所以消耗的氯化氢应该比此时要少,所以所加的稀盐酸溶质质量分数小于7.3%;

故选AC

完形填空
Annie, a neighbor's daughter, was away for her first semester at college this school year. She is a very sweet girl but just a bit shy. When her birthday came around, I found out she was feeling a bit ___.
Her family is quite poor and ____ are tight, so there wouldn't be any birthday visitors. I wanted to ____ her a card and maybe a small gift to ____ her day a bit. I got her school ____ from her mom and planned to pick something up. Then I got a(n) ____!
I ____ perhaps a bit more birthday cheer was needed here. I bought some balloons, birthday hats, and ____ novelties(新颖小巧而价廉的物品) at a store. I took a small ____ and asked three other people in my area at work to ____ “Happy Birthday” and send some birthday wishes to her. It was such fun making the recording! Other people ____ what we were doing and ___ their voices, so it really sounded like we had a party going on!
Then I bought her a small present and a card as ____ planned. The real fun was packing them to be sent. I ____ everything so it was like opening a mini birthday party! At the last minute I added a pack of cupcakes and a box of birthday candles ___ sending them off. I got a call a few days later. Annie said her roommates and one of their neighbors in the ____ got together with her and held a party for her the moment they arrived. She sounded so ____ and I was so glad that she had some friends to ____ her special day with.
It was such an easy and ____ thing to do. The people who helped me make the tape still laugh and talk about it. And Annie ____ me it was the most fun birthday she would remember!
小题1:
A.lonelyB.nervousC.aloneD.worried
小题2:
A.thoughtsB.financesC.measuresD.times
小题3:
A.provideB.sellC.sendD.draw
小题4:
A.attractB.rememberC.describeD.brighten
小题5:
A.numberB.campusC.addressD.report
小题6:
A.ideaB.surpriseC.chanceD.message
小题7:
A.decidedB.thoughtC.wishedD.concluded
小题8:
A.anotherB.othersC.otherD.one
小题9:
A.radioB.cameraC.recorderD.phone
小题10:
A.sayB.singC.repeatD.make
小题11:
A.took outB.set outC.gave outD.found out
小题12:
A.addedB.devotedC.clearedD.lifted
小题13:
A.suddenlyB.originallyC.finallyD.carefully
小题14:
A.collectedB.paidC.arrangedD.expected
小题15:
A.untilB.afterC.unlessD.before
小题16:
A.dormitoryB.home
C.classroomD.office
小题17:
A.familiarB.happyC.wonderfulD.upset
小题18:
A.helpB.compareC.shareD.witness
小题19:
A.funnyB.challenging
C.funD.time­consuming
小题20:
A.warnedB.convincedC.advisedD.told
问答题 简答题