问题 问答题

某大型企业W从事医药产品开发,现准备追加投资扩大其经营规模,所需设备购置价款为5000万元,当年投资当年完工投产无建设期,在该项目投资前营运资金需要量为50万元,另外,为了投资该项目需要在第1年支付300万元购入一项商标权,假设该商标权按自投产年份起按经营年限平均摊销。该项投资预计有6年的使用年限,期满残值为零。该方案投产后预计销售单价40元,单位变动成本14元,每年经营性固定付现成本100万元,年销售量为45万件,用直线法提折旧,会计和税法规定相同。 目前该企业的β值为1.5,市场风险溢价为8%,无风险利率为4%,所得税税率为 40%。该企业的资本包括权益资本和债务资本两部分构成,债务资本全部为债券,为5年期债券,每张债券的面值为980元,票面年利率为10%,发行价格为980元,每年付一次息,到期还本,共发行10000张;股权市场价值为330万元。权益资本和债务资本的筹集均不考虑筹资费用。该项目将按目前的资本结构融资,预计该项目追加投资后由于风险增加,该企业要求增加5个百分点的额外风险报酬率。用净现值法对该项目进行决策。(折现率小数点保留到1%)。

答案

参考答案:

(1)现金净流量:

年摊销=300/6=50(万元)

②初始阶段的现金流出量为:5 000+50+300=5 350(万元)

前5年每年的现金流量为:

营业现金流量=EBIT×(1-所得税税率)+折旧

=(40×45-14×45-100-833-50)(1-40%)+833+50=995.2(万元)

第6年的现金流量为:

营业现金流量=995.2+50=1 045.2(万元)

(2)确定折现率:

①确定W的权益资本成本

rs=4%+1.5× 8%=16%

②确定债务税后资本成本

由于发行价格等于面值,故为平价发行,因此,在不考虑筹资费的情况下

债券税后资本成本=债券税前资本成本(1-40%)=票面利率(1-40%) =10%(1 -40%)=6%

③债权市场价值=债券价格=10 000×980=980(万元)

④股权市场价值=330(万元)

⑤计算w的加权平均资本成本

rWACC

⑥根据风险调整折现率法,包含风险因素的折现率为14%。

(3)计算W的净现值=995.2(P/A,14%,5)1 045.2(P/s,14%,6)-5 350 =995.2×3.4331+1 045.2×0.4556-5 350 =-1 457.2(万元),故不可行。

解析:

本题的主要考核点是第五章投资管理中的有关问题。解答本题的关键一是注意实体现金流量法和股权现金流量法的区别;二是加权平均资本成本市场价值权数的确定;三是风险调整折现率法的应用,四是折旧费和摊销费属于固定经营非付现成本,本题告诉每年经营性固定付现成本100万元,所以,每年经营性固定成本还应包括折旧费和摊销费。企业实体现金流量法,即假设全权益融资情况下的现金流量,计算现金流量时不考虑利息,同时不考虑利息抵税,负债的影响反映在折现率上。

阅读理解

You can see waste(浪费)everywhere in the school. Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom. They say they can afford these things. But I don’t agree with them.

Waste can bring a lot of problems. Although China is rich in some resources(资源), we are short of others, for example, fresh water. It is reported(据报道) that we will have no coal (煤)or oil to use in 100 years. Think about it. I think we should say no to the students who waste things every day. Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible.

In our everyday life, we can do many things to stop waste . For example, turn off the water taps when we finish washing, turn off the lights when we leave the classroom and try not to order more food than we need. Little by little, everything will be changed. We can stop waste one day if we do our best to form(养成)the habit of saving.

小题1:From the passage we know that some students often _________ in the school.

A.eat too much

B.don’t work hard

C.waste things

D.throw rubbish everywhere小题2:Which is NOT mentioned(提及) in this passage?

A.Fresh water.

B.Forest.

C.Oil.

D.Coal.小题3:What may happen (发生)in 100 years?

A.We may still have enough oil.

B.We may still have enough coal.

C.We may have a little oil.

D.We may have no coal or oil to use.小题4:Which of the following is TRUE?

A.Waste brings problems.

B.Waste won’t bring problems.

C.China is rich in fresh water.

D.Students never waste things.

单项选择题 A2型题