It is easy to understand the way a culture approaches disagreements by looking at the communication styles in that culture. In societies where open discussion is encouraged, conflict is much more common and accepted. On the other hand, cultures that strive to reduce conflicts and maintain harmony do not see such interaction appropriate, particularly in the workplace.

In Australia, Great Britain, and the United States, for example, disagreements are considered a natural part of communication. People in these countries typically have open and honest discussions, even if people’s differences of opinion lead to confrontation(对抗，对立). In business setting, this may mean debating with a colleague or a supervisor over the approach to a task. Or, co-workers might have a discussion about whether an agenda(议程)item during a meeting is suitable or not. Conflict is not necessarily negative ，though. And many people feel that debating an issue is as rewarding as resolving it. Successful conflict resolution(冲突解决) is also seen as a valuable skill, most people at the management level are expected to be very good at handling conflicts that arise in the workplace.

The Asian style of communication is quite different. In almost parts of eastern Asia, individuals present their ideas and then wait for others to do the same. They prefer to seek agreement from a group without rejecting another’s opinions out loud. In business meetings, subordinates (下级) will hardly disagree openly with their supervisor. This shows respect for supervisor, and it reflects the cultural importance placed on politeness and building harmony and trust.

1. The best title for this passage is ______.

A. Approaching Disagreements                    B. Differences of Opinion

C. Culture and Communication                    D. Conflict Resolution

2. In Australia, people would consider disagreement______.

A. a negative part of communication             B. necessary in their communication

C. normal and beneficial                            D. Unimportant in communication

3. Which of the following is true according to the author?

A. Subordinates in the USA don’t try to show their respect in the supervisors.

B. Asian people at management level are not good at handling conflicts.

C. People in Asia always try to avoid conflicts.

D. People in some western countries like to have conflicts.

4. What does the underlined word “harmony” probably mean?

A. Difference           B. Agreement     C. Respects        D. Communication