The economic system of the United States is principally one of private ownership. In this system, consumers, producers and government make economic decisions on a daily basis, mainly through the price system. The dynamic interaction of these three groups makes the economic function. The market’s primary force, however, is the interaction of producers and consumers; hence the “market economy” designation. As a rule, consumers look for the best values for what they spend while producers seek the best price and profit for what they have to sell. Government, at the federal, state, and local level, seeks to promote public security, assure reasonable competition, and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises. Generally, there are three kinds of enterprises: single-owner operated businesses, partnerships and corporations. The first two are important, but it is the latter structure that best permits the amassing of large sums of money by combining the investments of many people who, as stockholders, can buy and sell their shares of the business at any time on the open market. Corporations make large-scale enterprises possible.The economic system of the United States is principally one of private ownership. In this system, consumers, producers and government make economic decisions on a daily basis, mainly through the price system. The dynamic interaction of these three groups makes the economic function. The market’s primary force, however, is the interaction of producers and consumers; hence the “market economy” designation.
参考答案： 美国的经济体制主要是一种私有制。在这一体制下，消费者、生产者和政府通过价格体系，每天都会做出经济决策。这三方的互动行使着经济职能。然而，市场的主要力量是生产者和消费者之间的相互作用，“市场经济”之名也正是由此而来。 一般来说，消费者追求的是消费后所获价值的最大化，而生产者则是追求其所售物品的最理想价格和最大利润。而中央政府、州政府和地方政府则是希望促进公共安全，保证正当竞争以及提供各项服务。人们一般会认为这些服务由政府执行会比由私人企业执行效果好。 总体而言，企业分为三类：个体私营企业、合资企业和股份公司。前两者很重要，但只有最后一种能够最大程度地将众多投资人的投资集合起来，进行大规模融资。而这些投资人作为股东，可以在公开的市场上买卖他们的企业份额。股份公司制使得大型企业成为可能。