问题 解答题

如表为两位男性患者血常规化验报告单,请将化验结果与正常值进行对比,分析回答下列问题

姓名 李伟   性别  男姓名张刚  性别男正常参考值
化验项目测定值化验项目测定值
RBC(红细胞)

WBC(白细胞)

Hb(血红蛋白)

PLT(血小板)

4.8×1012 个/L

18×109个/L

142g/L

210×109个/L

RBC

WBC

Hb

PLT

3.1×1012个/L

8×109个/L

110g/L

235×109个/L

男:(4.0~5.5)×1012个/L

(5.0~10)×109个/L

男:120~160g/L

男:(150~350)×109个/L

(1)经医生诊断李伟同学患有急性腮腺炎,诊断依据之一是:化验单上他的______数量过多,医生采取的治疗方法是把青霉素滴注到手臂上的“青筋”内,这里的“青筋”是______血管.

(2)张刚同学的RBC数目过少和Hb的含量过低,可能患有______,除了吃医生开出的药物外,在饮食中应该多吃一些富含______的无机盐和蛋白质的食物.

答案

(1)白细胞有吞噬病菌,防御和保护人体的作用,所以当人体有炎症时,白细胞的数目会增多,所以李伟同学患有急性腮腺炎,血液中的白细胞会增多;人体内血管有动脉、静脉、毛细血管的特点为:

血管类型功能分布管壁特点管腔特点血流速度
动脉把心脏中的血液输送到全身各处大多分布在身体较深的部位较厚、弹性大较小
毛细血管进行物质交换数量多,分布广非常薄,只有一层上皮细胞构成很小,只允许红细胞呈单行通过最慢
静脉把血液从全身各处送回心脏有的分布较深,有的分布较浅较薄,弹性小较大
所以成年人手臂上的一条条“青筋”实际上是在手臂上分布较浅的静脉血管.

(2)红细胞具有运输氧气的功能,由于小红的红细胞数目小于参考值,而且血红蛋白的数目也小于参考值,她经常头晕疲乏,所以她患有贫血.红细胞富含血红蛋白,血红蛋白是一种含铁的蛋白质,所以要使红细胞的数目和血红蛋白的含量增多,就要多吃富含蛋白质和铁质的食物.

故答案为:(1)WBC(白细胞); 静脉(2)贫血; 铁

阅读理解

Usually, students are not encouraged to run or jump around in the corridor (走廊). However,students in a British grammar school really enjoy running on the corridor tiles (瓷砖) and their teachers even encourage them to do that.

Why? It is because the corridor was built with special kinetic (动能的) tiles. When students jump on the tiles, electricity will be generated ( 产生). After one year, the electricity generated from the tiles can fully charge 853 mobile phones or power(供电) an electric car to drive seven miles. It’s amazing, isn’t it?

The corridor tiles are really a brilliant invention. Students can not only play on the corridor,but also help power the lights in their school corridors and other devices ( 设备) in their classrooms. Besides, this is a good way to teach students to be creative. They will be inspired to be scientists, inventors and engineers in the future to find clean energy for all humans.

The inventor of the magic corridor tiles is Laurence Kemball-Cook. He was once a student in this school. Now, he is CEO of his own company. The corridor tiles are not Laurence’s only invention. He has also invented a special dance floor, which can be used at music festivals. It allows dancers to charge their mobile phones while they are dancing on the dance floor.

小题1:Why do the students in the passage enjoy running on the corridor tiles?

A. Because the corridor tiles are expensive.

B. Because the teachers ask them to do that.

C. Because the corridor was built with special tiles.

小题2:After one year, the electricity generated from the tiles can provide enough energy for _______.

A. over 800 mobile phones

B. all the lights of the school

C. an electric car to drive70 miles

小题3:The underlined word “inspired” most probably means “ _________”.

A. encouraged

B. forced

C. trained

小题4:What else has Laurence invented besides the corridor tiles from the passage?

A. A mobile phone.

B. A music player.

C. A special dance floor.

小题5:According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Students are not allowed to walk in the corridor.

B. Laurence once studied in the British grammar school.

C. Laurence has more than one company of his own.

单项选择题