问题 填空题

Americans’ (1) impulses keep generating surprises. Charitable giving plays an even larger role in the (2) . Demand for nonprofit services gets proportionately bigger as a locality’s (3) rises. The philanthropy of the wealthy may not hinge on tax (4) to the degree many believe. The US (5) the world in levels of charitable activity. Some experts see charity as a (6) trait of the US, more than (7) or business. But those forces may be (8) , as many nonprofits, from healthcare to classical music are selling (9) in a marketplace alongside for-profit (10) . Charity is no mere (11) activity. It pays off for society in ways that may (12) the rates of return on many traditional investments. Charity not only helps those on the (13) end but also strengthens the (14) of society at large. Moreover, it appears to make the givers themselves more (15) . The pattern that conservatives are better givers than (16) is less about politics than about charity-linked (17) most common to conservatives, religious commitment, marriage and children, and entrepreneurship. The main point is that more Americans, regardless of ideology, embrace giving as a tool for (18) . The urge to make a difference, and to take (19) in it, outweighs (20) considerations.

答案

参考答案:cohesion

解答题
阅读理解与欣赏

芋老人者,慈水祝渡人也。子佣出,独与妪居渡口。一日,有书生避雨檐下,衣湿袖单,影乃益瘦。老人延入坐,知从郡城就童子试归。老人略知书,与语久,命妪煮芋以进。尽一器,再进,生为之饱,笑日:“他日不忘老人芋也。”雨止,别去。

十馀年,书生用甲第为相国。偶命厨者进芋,辍箸叹曰:“何向者祝渡老人之芋之香而甘也!”使人访其夫妇,载以来。丞、尉闻之,谓老人与相国有旧,邀见,讲钧礼,子不倜矣。

至京,相国慰劳曰:“不忘老人芋,今乃烦尔妪一煮芋也。”已而,妪煮芋进,相国亦辍箸曰:“何向者之香而甘也!”老人前曰:“犹是芋也,而向之香且甘者,非调和之有异,时、位之移人也。相公昔自郡城走数十里,困于雨,不择食矣;今日堂有炼珍,朝分尚食,张筵列鼎,尚何芋是甘乎?老人犹喜相公之止于芋也。老人老矣,所闻实多:村南有夫妇守贫者,织纺井臼,佐读勤苦,幸获名成,遂宠妾媵,弃其妇,致郁郁死,是芋视乃妇也。城东有甲乙同学者,一砚、一灯、一窗、一榻,晨起不辩衣履,乙先得举,登仕路,闻甲落魄,笑不顾,交以绝,是芋视乃友也。更闻谁氏子读书时愿他日得志廉干如古人某忠孝如古人某及为吏以污贿不饬罢是芋视乃学也。然则世之以今日而忘其昔日者,岂独一箸间哉。!”

老人语未毕,相国遽惊谢曰:“老人知道者!”厚资而遣之。于是芋老人之名大著。

赞曰:“老人能于倾盖不意,作缘相国,奇已!不知相国何似,能不愧老人之言否?然就其不忘一芋,固已贤夫并老人而视芋之者。特怪老人虽知书,又何长于言至是,岂果知道者欤?或传闻之过实耶?嗟夫!天下有缙绅士大夫所不能言,而野老鄙夫能言者,往往而然。

(节选自周容《芋老人传》)

[注释]①佣:受雇打工。②丞、尉:知县的佐职。③钧礼:平等之礼。④炼珍:烹制精美的食品。⑤尚食:这里指朝廷赏赐的食品。⑥不饬:不守规矩,行为不端。⑦岂独一箸间:意谓不只辍箸不吃这点事。

小题1:对下列语句中加点的词语,解释有误的一项是(  )

A..影乃益瘦             益:更加             B.再进,生为之饱  再:第二次

C.织纺井臼,佐读勤苦   井:(从井里)汲水    D特怪老人虽知书  特:特别

小题2:下列各组句子中加点词,意义和用法不同的一项是(   )

A.独与妪居渡口/君安与项伯有故

B.书生用甲第为相国/故王之不王,不为也,非不能也

C.老人犹喜相公之止于芋也/师道之不传也久矣

D.命妪煮芋以进/赵王岂以一璧之故欺秦邪小题3:下列用“/”给文中画波浪线的部分断句,最恰当的一项是(  )

A.更闻谁氏/子读书时愿他日/得志廉干如古人/某忠孝如古人/某及为吏/以污贿不饬罢/是芋视乃学也

B.更闻谁氏子/读书时/愿他日得志/廉干如古人某/忠孝如古人某/及为吏/以污贿不饬罢/是芋视乃学也

C.更闻/谁氏子读书时/愿他日得志廉干/如古人某/忠孝/如古人某/及为吏/以污贿不饬罢/是芋视乃学也

D.更闻谁氏/子读书时/愿他日得志/廉干如古人某/忠孝如古人某/及为吏以污贿/不饬罢/是芋视乃学也小题4:把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语(12分)

(1)犹是芋也,而向之香且甘者,非调和之有异,时、位之移人也。(4分)

译文:                                                                     

                                                                      

(2)今日堂有炼珍,朝分尚食,张筵列鼎,尚何芋是甘乎?(4分)

译文:                                                                     

                                                                      

(3)特怪老人虽知书,又何长于言至是,岂果知道者欤?或传闻之过实耶?(4分)

译文: