问题 问答题

(二)阅读下文,完成7~12题。(21分) 惠特曼访问记①埃德蒙·戈斯  ①在早年和中年的岁月里,惠特曼默默无闻,门前冷落。年老以后,倒是有些朝拜者相当频繁地带着香袋和手杖,设法前来表示崇拜。有关他在这些场合的仪表谈吐的几种报道已经发表过了,如果我再来添上一篇,我的理由想必是,下面记叙的这次访问不是抱着礼俗性的态度进行的。据我所知,其他一切采访惠特曼的报道都出自追随者的手笔,他们纷纷怀着敬仰和倾倒的态度来到圣地,而我的这篇献辞——只能是献辞——是格外真诚的。  ②1884年的冬天,我在波士顿,意外接到惠特曼寄来的一封便笺,要我在离开美国之前去见他一面。我最初的反应是谢绝他的邀请,但出于好奇心和礼貌,就回信说我会去。我提到以上这些,只是想突出这位老人特有的魔力,那不是对于一个追随者,而是对于一个倔强固执的无信仰者的魔力。  ③1885年1月3日清晨我渡过了宽阔的特拉华河,在一个简陋而看上去无人落户的村庄,我被送上了岸,那种阴森可怕是只有隆冬季节的美国小镇才会显现出来的典型丑陋。无人可以问路,正打算回去时,我发现自己就在米克尔大街328号的门口,一块小铜牌上刻着“沃·惠特曼”,我敲着这个冷清的二层楼经济公寓的大门,一个神色忧愁的女人开了门;还没等我开口,只见一个高大的身影正摇摇晃晃地走下楼来,随之传来欢快的声音:“是我的朋友吗?”一下子,我也不知是由于什么磁性般的魅力,所有拘泥小节的文人矜持都荡然消失了,只有一种心满意足的感觉。  ④在楼梯上寒暄了一番后,主人拄着拐杖带着我走进一楼的起居室。那是一个大房间,擦得干干净净的地板上没有铺地毯,一张小床架,屋子中间有个带通烟管的圆形小火炉,一把椅子——这就是全部的家具。四面墙壁和火炉上方糊着的墙纸,已经有色斑和一块块污渍了,就像在工人棚户里看到的那样。房里没有挂画,只有满是杂物的木栓和架子。到处放着大大小小的箱子,一堆堆东西,山一般高的报纸东一堆,西一垛;整个房间,还有老人本人,都是再干净不过的了,干净得仿佛尘垢永远都不会再落上去。特别是惠特曼,穿的是一身粗灰呢的套服,衬衣领口拉开着,灰发和白花花的胡须飘飘荡荡的,仿佛是为了清洁当真漂白过的;全身上下沙白得一尘不染,有如一张松木台子因反复擦洗而变旧了。  ⑤惠特曼在一张椅子里坐了下来,安详地微笑着。我理清了一个箱子上的报纸,坐在他的对面。他的谈话像他的作品一样,散发着原始的力量,毫无交谈中常见的修饰或刺激。他提到他的贫困,这是显而易见的,还有半身不遂,它们成了压垮他的两大重负;他似乎对于两者都习以为常了,几乎不在意。我记得当时我想挪动一下箱子,因为阳光已从不挂窗帘的大窗户倾泻进来;惠特曼便说到有人曾答应送他窗帘,但他对此并不热心,他觉得窗帘会“挡住阳光”。而阳光和空气正是他所要的一切;一个冬季他都是耐心地坐在那儿,等待夏日的空气和阳光,原来一到夏季,他又可以一瘸一拐地走出去,全身沉浸在他熟悉的“坎登市僻静处”的一条浅溪里晒晒太阳。  ⑥惠特曼宽敞的双人房里空空荡荡的,只有两件物品透出些许艺术气氛。一件是北美印第安人的花布制品,它激发了他的灵感。另一件是幅画像;一叶扁舟上有位相貌堂堂的青年,荡着双桨。我问他这幅画像的由来,他谈了几件值得一提的事情。他首先说明这是他的以为至友,来自加拿大的职业桨手,著名的运动员。接着他又说,这些人是他最喜欢的人,在露天活动的运动员;他们是最朴素、最亲切的人,生活在阳光和空气中,非得学会保持身体干净、精神抖擞;还说他的心灵偏向这些人,而他们也莫名其妙地为他所吸引,因此就在他人生最低潮时,在世人狠狠谩骂耻笑他的时候,正是这些春风得意的体操运动员或赛跑运动员,这些幸运的人看中了他,待他很友好,“眼下呢,”他接着说,“我只等待春天到来,拄着我的家伙瘸瘸拐拐走进树林,那时我可以成天坐在一班干活的伐木工人边上,我就十分开心,因为他们生活的点点滴滴和砍下来的木材香味混合起来了,它进入我的血液,我再也不觉得又老又病了。”我记得这些都是他的原话,在我和他度过的悠长且又愉快的那一天中,这些话比他所谈到的其他一切更加打动我。  ⑦谈话结束,他用那沉静的音调说了声:“再会,我的朋友!”我走出公寓,再一次站在沉闷荒凉的米克尔大街上,这时我的内心充满了对这位神采奕奕的老人的仰慕之情。  ⑧一个无信仰者就这样前去会见了沃尔特·惠特曼,深深地被他吸引,却没有变成追随者。                                 (有删改)【注】①惠特曼(1819-1892),美国诗人,出生于贫苦农民家庭,当过木工、教师,代表作为《草叶集》。

文章最后一段颇具匠心,联系全文,从内容和结构两个方面进行赏析。(6分)

答案

参考答案:末段在结构上呼应开头,使文章结构更严谨。再次表明“我”是“一个无信仰者”而又“深深地被他吸引”,进一步突出对惠特曼的崇敬。强调采访后“我”仍然“没有变成追随者”,说明自己对惠特曼真诚平等的态度,更以此突出惠特曼的真诚坦率,这与本文不刻意渲染惠特曼的文学成就而重点突出其人格魅力的写作意图是一致的。

解析:解析:本题考查分析重要段落在文中的作用的能力。解答此题要认真审题,从“内容”和“结构”两个角度组织答案。需要调动记忆库,列举末段在文中的作用,并结合文本作答。

选择题
阅读理解

September can be a depressing month. The summer holidays are over, it’s time to go back to work or school and Christmas is four months away. However, for some people it’s the perfect time to get away.

These days more and more people are taking their holidays late in the year and for good reasons. Holidays in autumn can be cheaper, the resorts are less crowded and the weather isn’t as extreme as it is in the summer. So, where are the best places to go? Here are our top tips.

Sardinia (in Italy) has an average temperature of 27℃ in September. It also has “Autunno in Barbagia” (Autumn in Barbagia) a series of festivals that take place in 27 villages in Barbagia, a mountainous region of inland Sardinia. The festivals continue from September to December, so there’s always something happening. There are street markets, craft workshops and there’s lots of eating and drinking (This is Italy, after all).

Dubrovnik Croatia has become very popular in summer but it’s quieter and more pleasant once the crowds have left. The weather is still warm but less humid. You can take a ferry to the popular beaches on the islands of Sunj and enjoy it with locals.

Dahab Egypt, is extremely hot in the summer with temperatures up to 38℃. However, the autumn is cooler while the sea is still warm. This makes Dahab the perfect place for snorkeling and windsurfing. There are also interesting historical sites to visit such as the Coloured Canyon, with its dramatic rock formations, and St Catherine’s Monastery, at the foot of Mount Sinai.

Kas is a relaxed fishing village on the Lycian coast in southern Turkey. There are plenty of things to do and the temperature has dropped (so you can actually enjoy doing them!) Kas is a good place to stay if you want to walk part of the Lycian way: a long-distance footpath that stretches for 500km from Fethiye to Antalya through the ancient land of Lycia. There are also watersports, of course. The best time to go diving is supposed to be after the first rains of autumn (usually between late September and early October) when the fish become most active.

Marrakech Morocco is another good destination. The city itself is a fascinating place to spend a few days. When you have had enough of that, go to Tigmi, a beautiful hill town about 20 kilometers away. There’s a hammam (a Turkish bath) and a large heated pool, which makes it the perfect place to relax.

Wherever you go this autumn – have fun!

小题1:Here are the good reasons for people to take holidays in autumn except that _______.

A.Holidays in autumn can be cheaper

B.the scenery in autumn is more attractive

C.the resorts in autumn are less crowded

D.The weather is neither too hot nor too cold小题2:We can infer from Paragraph 3 that _______________.

A.visitors can take part in a series of festivals in October in Barbagia

B.Barbagia in Egypt is surrounded by mountains

C.the festivals continue from September to November

D.the temperature in Sardinia in September is always below 27℃小题3:For someone who enjoys walking, __________ is the best choice.

A.Kas

B.Marrakech

C.Dahab

D.Dubrovnik小题4:Which of the following places may not be close to sea?

A.Dubrovnik

B.Dahab

C.Kas

D.Marrakech