问题 填空题

(2014届北京市门头沟区第一学期期末试题)从化学的视角认识生活中的有关问题。

(1)我们所用的下列物品中,主要材料属于有机合成材料的是    。(填序号)

A.塑料保鲜膜     B.棉布围裙      C.合成橡胶手套

(2)洗涤剂可用来洗碗,是因为它对油污具有     功能。

(3) 紫薯营养丰富,富含淀粉、蛋白质、维生素、锌、铁、钙、硒等。其中能给人体提供能量的是     ;“锌、钙、硒”是指    。(填“单质”、“元素”或“分子”)

(4)吸烟有害健康。在公共场所,非吸烟者会因少数吸烟者吸烟造成被动吸烟,从分子的性质解释原因_______________________________________________________。

(5)奶制品、豆类和虾皮等含有丰富的钙,是常见的补钙食物。青少年缺钙会导致        

(6)自来水厂净水过程中常用活性炭,活性炭的作用是        

答案

⑴ AC   (2)  乳化  (3)淀粉(糖类)、蛋白质   (4)分子在不断运动  (5)佝偻病  (6)吸附

题目分析:(1)有机合成材料包括合成纤维、塑料、合成橡胶;

(2)洗涤剂去除油污是利用洗涤剂的乳化作用;

(3)能供能的物质有糖类、油脂和蛋白质;在日常生活常接触到物品上的氟”、“钙”等指的均是元 素;

(4)由于分子在不断的运动,故非吸烟者会因少数吸烟者吸烟造成被动吸烟;

(5)青少年缺钙会导致佝偻病,老年人会导致骨质疏松症;

(6)活性炭具有疏松多孔的结构,能吸附颜色和异味

单项选择题 A1/A2型题
完形填空

第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Friends play an important part in our lives,and although we may take the fact of friendship for granted, we often don’t clearly understand how we make friends. While we get on well with a number of people,   71 .

Moreover, a great many relationships come under the general term “friendship”.In all cases,two people like one another and enjoy being together,but beyond that,the degree of closeness between them and the reasons for their interest in each other change greatly.

At the beginning, much depends on how people meet,and on good first impressions. As we

get to know people,   72  . Although these factors are not of the greatest importance,it is more

difficult to have a good relationship with people when there is a big difference in age and background.

Then,   73 .Friends will stand closer together and will spend more time looking at each other than ordinary friends.Smiles and soft voices also express friendliness,and it is because they may give the wrong signals that shy people often have difficulty making friends. A friendly look with a wrong facial expression can turn into an unfriendly stare,and nervousness may be wrongly understood as unfriendliness.

Some relationships are a result of argument and discussion,but it is usual for close friends to have the same ideas and beliefs,the same opinion and interests. The more closely involved people become.the more they depend on each other. And   74  . Equally, friends have to learn to make allowances for each other, to put up with annoying habits,and to accept differences in opinion.

In contrast with marriage,   75  . But the support and understanding that results from shared experiences and affections does seem to create a close and lasting relationship

A.we are usually friends with only a few

B.many factors can affect friendship and relationship

C.people want to do friends favors and hate to let them down

D.argument and discussion can improve personal relationshipsE.we consider things like age,race,looks,economic and social status,etc

F.we pay attention to actual behavior,facial expression,and the way a person speaks

G.there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the relationship between two people