问题 单项选择题

大凡在动荡的社会里,汉字的____比较大,当一个稳定的时候,就会出现对汉字的整理和_____,比如战国时期文字就比较乱,出现很多的异体,秦统一之后,就开始整理文字,这就是社会发展提出的要求。 填入划横线部分最恰当的一项是()

A.变化 干预

B.自主性 统一

C.改变 规定

D.随意性 规范

答案

参考答案:D

解析:

解析

实词辨析。根据文中“战国时期文字就比较乱,出现很多的异体”,对于“文字”在演变过程中出现的这种客观情况,“自主性”不能与之搭配使用,所以排除B。再根据文中“对汉字的整理”与第二空应为并列结构,第二空应与“整理”一词为近义词,所以“干预”、“规定”不符合语境,由此排除AC。所以本题答案为D。(2013年《三联生活周刊》,《汉字的历史与现实》)

考点:实词填空

阅读理解与欣赏

小说阅读(10 分)  

第八棵馒头柳

刘心武

  丈夫是搞地质的,出差是家常便饭,总是背袋一背就走了,她从来不送。丈夫下楼出门也从不回头张望。

  这回丈夫又走了。门在丈夫背后撞上时,她正站在桌边收拾碗盘,一副若无其事的表情。但门撞上以后,她却撂下手里的东西,去往阳台。她站在阳台上朝下望。阳台下面是马路,马路边上栽着一排馒头柳,她习惯地朝阳台下往东数第八棵馒头柳那里望去。她等待着,她知道,再过五六分钟,丈夫的身影将在那棵馒头柳下出现。他们这幢楼的楼门开在没有阳台的一面,从楼门出去绕出楼区前往地铁入口,必从第八棵馒头柳那儿经过。每次,她总是欣慰地在预计的时间、预计的位置望见丈夫宽厚的背影,特别是那只经丈夫设计、由她改制的帆布旅行背包,她总默默地对着那脊背、那背包送去她的祝福。但她从未向丈夫吐露过这隐秘的一幕,连儿子也全然未曾察觉。

  这天她习惯性地往阳台一站,却忽然不习惯起来,因为丈夫的背影迟迟没有出现。他必得去乘坐地铁直往北京站,不可能改往别的方向。怎么第八棵馒头柳下不见他的踪影?惶急中她痛切地意识到,这往常短暂而稳拿的一瞥于她有多么重要!她忍不住跑到楼下。楼门口空空荡荡。她不知不觉地来到第八棵馒头柳下,朝四面张望着。难道他钻到地底下或飞到天上去了?真不可思议。回到家中时儿子跟她说什么她没听见,却听见了街上急救车“呜哇呜哇”由远及近又由近及远的声响。她无端地朝儿子发了火,心里像堵着一块鹅卵石。

  接连好几天她都无精打采。她一会儿暗自取笑自己,一会儿又从逻辑推理上断定情况的不正常。终于,有天晚上她接到了他从很远的地方打来的电话,她情不自禁地说:“你哪儿去了你?你急死我了!”丈夫莫名其妙,于是她便向他倾诉了一切,她怎么每次分别时都表面上若无其事,每次却都要跑到阳台上去望他的背影,在那第八棵馒头柳下……电话那边沉默了一会儿,然后是丈夫深受感动的声音:“傻女子!那天我刚一出门就遇上了咱们楼老王,他们单位的车正好接他去火车站,我就蹭了他的油,你真是死心眼儿……不过,我知道那棵馒头柳,对,第八棵馒头柳。你知道吗?每次我出差回去,你别看我进门的时候没事人儿似的,其实,我一走到那棵馒头柳下,就忍不住抬头望咱们家的阳台,咱们家的窗户,有时一站好几分钟,特别是晚上,那一窗灯火,让我心里头好爱你们!……”

  撂下电话,她才发现儿子站在面前,儿子正问她:“妈,您干吗抹眼泪儿?”

                                   (选自《楼前白玉兰》,中国广播电视出版社)

小题1:小说以“第八棵馒头柳”为题有什么作用?(3分)

小题2:小说刻画主人公时运用了什么描写方法?这样写有什么好处?(3分)

小题3:小说末尾以“儿子”的发问收束,请你根据文意探究一下“她”抹眼泪的原因。(4分)

阅读理解

Singing had always been an important part of Gloria Estefan’s life. “ Since I was three years old, I sang. I sang everything,” Gloria said. “Gubans,” she added, “are a musical people.”

Gloria was born in Cuba in 1957. Her family left the country just before Fidel Castro came to power. In Miami, where the family settled, many people did not accept Cuban immigrants. In first grade, she spoke little English, but she worked hard to learn the language. Six months after she entered school, she won an award for reading in English!

When Gloria was ten , her father returned from the Vietnam War. Soon, the family realized he wasn’t well. They soon found out that he was badly ill. Her mother went back to teaching at school to support the family. Gloria cared for her father and her younger sister.

She still made the honor roll, and she still had her music, but Gloria was lonely. However, when the band leader Emilio Estefan came to speak at her high school, Gloria sang for him. He asked her to join his band. It was the beginning of the Miami Sound Machine. Within a few months, the Miami Sound Machine was the top band in Miami. In 1978, Gloria and Emilio married.

At first, the Miami Sound Machine was known only in Miami. Then the band signed with CBS Records. Estefan and his band became stars.

Since then, the Miami Sound Machine has sold millions of records. Estefan has done more than just singing when Hurricane Andrew hit central Florida in 1992. She used only two weeks to organize an all-star concert that raised $ 2 million for the people who suffered in the hurricane. “We needed a party after that disaster,” she said.

Estefan said, “You have to stay true to the music you really love to do. There will always be people who will tell you, ‘that won’t work.’ You’ve got to be firm in spite of difficulties. Stick to it——that’s the main thing.”

小题1:Estefan’s father was ill ______.  

A.after he returned from Vietnam War

B.before they left their home country

C.when they settled down in Miami

D.as soon as she finished high school小题2:According to the passage, probably Estefan did the following except________.

A.organizing an all-star concert for Hurricane victims

B.teaching at school to support the family

C.winning an award for reading in English

D.taking care of her father and sister小题3:The underlined word “disaster” in this passage refers to _______.

A.the concert

B.the celebration

C.the hurricane

D.the victims小题4:This passage mainly tells about Estefan’s ______.

A.Cuban background

B.happy marriage

C.music style

D.life story