问题 单项选择题

在国际私法中,应当适用于某一合同的实体法被称为该合同的准据法。关于合同准据法的确定,下列何种表述是不正确的?()

A.我国所有的法律都允许涉外合同的当事人自行约定合同准据法

B.合同的当事人没有选择适用于合同的准据法时,我国法院可适用与该合同有最密切联系的国家的法律

C.关于对合同当事人的行为能力与合同的有效性应分别适用不同国家法律的主张,称为确定合同准据法的分割论

D.按照特征性履行方法的理论,当事人未选择适用于合同的法律时,应根据合同的特殊性确定合同准据法

答案

参考答案:A

解析:本题考查涉外合同准据法的确定原则。我国很多法律都允许涉外合同的当事人自行约定合同准据法,但是同样也有一些法律限制了当事人的意思自治。根据《法律适用法》第4条之规定,中华人民共和国法律对涉外民事关系有强制性规定的,直接适用该强制性规定。如我国《合同法》第126条第2款规定,在中华人民共和国境内履行的中外合资经营企业合同、中外合作经营企业合同、中外合作勘探开发自然资源合同,适用中华人民共和国法律。因此,A项的表述是错误的。我国虽然同世界上绝大多数的国家一样,在涉外合同之债中也采用意思自治原则,但是在当事人没有选择合同适用的法律时,我国以最密切联系原则作为补充。根据《法律适用法》第41条的规定,当事人可以协议选择合同适用的法律。当事人没有选择的,适用履行义务最能体现该合同特征的一方当事人经常居所地法律或者其他与该合同有最密切联系的法律。因此,B项的表述是正确的。合同法律适用的基本理论有统一论与分割论之分。所谓统一论,是指把一个合同看作一个整体,合同的各部分由一个法律支配,即合同准据法适用于合同的所有领域。所谓分割论,是指合同的不同部分,如缔约人的能力、合同成立、效力以及当事 * * 利和义务等问题,分别用不同国家的法律来调整。因此,本题C项的表述是正确的。在确定合同准据法时,一般有如下方法:(1)意思自治说;(2)客观标志说;(3)最密切联系说;(4)特征履行说;(5)合同自体法说。其中特征性履行说是建立在最密切联系说的基础之上的,指当事人未选择适用于合同的法律时,以合同的特殊性质决定合同的最密切联系地,并以此确定合同准据法的指导原则。因此D项表述正确。

单项选择题
填空题

Have you ever wondered whether writing and maintaining your business blog is a waste of time If you have, it probably is. Business blogs are valuable for some companies, but for many blogging takes up time and resources better spent elsewhere. If any of the following statements apply to you, stop posting to your blog (or re-purpose what you would have posted) and start doing something more productive:

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You dread writing another post.

Either way, whatever you publish will not represent your business well, so why do it Any time you feel you can’t put your best foot forward, don’t take the step.

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Your page views are stagnant.

Unless of course you can accurately identify tangible benefits from that readership.

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You can’t quantify your return.

Blogging is like any other investment in time and resources: If you don’t see a return, don’t do it.

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Your goal is to provide valuable resources to customers.

Potential customers who gladly read resource pages often run screaming from the same information when it appears on a blog.

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Your readers are not your customers.

Building an audience is useful only if the audience contains current and potential customers. Know who is reading your biog. If you can’t be bothered to find out, that’s yet another indication it’s time to stop.

[A] Many business owners say, "I don’t have any numbers to back it up, but I know my blog is paying off." Really How If your blog isn’t sending significant traffic to your website via search engines, isn’t directly generating sales, doesn’t create a community, or creates a community that doesn’t actually

benefit your business, your blog isn’t paying off.

[B] If you aren’t excited by the thought of sitting down to write your next post, you have nothing to say and will once again borrow ideas from another blog, or already realize blogging is a waste of time but won’t admit it.

[C] Great goal. By all means do it. But don’t put how-to information, or useful tips, or non-news information on your blog. Many people are blog-averse because most blogs are terrible, so your blog may automatically get painted with the same brush. If your material is relatively evergreen, create resource pages on your website instead.

[D] When new posts average the same number of page views, and on a monthly basis so does your entire blog, you’ve stalled. Maybe loyal readers keep returning, or maybe you gain some and lose some, but either way not much is happening. A blog with a small stagnant readership is a blog that is a waste of time, at least for business purposes.

[E] Never blog because you think it helps; you have to know. Knowing takes effort. If you’re not willing to put the time you need into tracking and analyzing data, you’re either lazy or afraid to find out you’re wasting your time on your blog. Sometimes quitting is more admirable than staying the course.

[F] This happens more often than you think. For example, a friend is an incredibly successful financial planner. He writes a blog that gets thousands of unique visitors a month. But he writes about topics of interest only to other financial planners. That would be fine if his blog generated media opportunities, or supported a book he plans to write, or helps him network and bring in more business—but it doesn’t.

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