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问题 选择题

(8分)(1)下列关于分子运动和热现象的说法正确的是________(填入正确选项前的字母，每选错一个扣1分，最低得分为0分)．

A．气体如果失去了容器的约束就会散开，这是因为气体分子之间存在势能的缘故

B．一定量100℃的水变成100℃的水蒸气，其分子之间的势能增加

C．对于一定量的气体，如果压强不变，体积增大，那么它一定从外界吸热

D．如果气体分子总数不变，而气体温度升高，气体分子的平均动能增大，因此压强必然增大

E．一定量气体的内能等于其所有分子热运动动能和分子之间势能的总和

F．如果气体温度升高，那么所有分子的速率都增加

(2)如图5所示，由导热材料制成的汽缸和活塞将一定质量的理想气体封闭在汽缸内，活塞与汽缸壁之间无摩擦，活塞上方存有少量液体．将一细管插入液体，由于虹吸现象，活塞上方液体逐渐流出．在此过程中，大气压强与外界的温度保持不变．关于这一过程，下列说法正确的是________．(填入选项前面的字母，有填错的不得分)

A．气体分子的平均动能逐渐增大

B．单位时间内气体分子对活塞撞击的次数增多

C．单位时间内气体分子对活塞的冲量保持不变

D．气体对外界做功等于气体从外界吸收的热量

答案

(1)B、C、E　(2)D

(1)气体分子间的作用力近似为零，所以没有容器的约束，气体分子由于自身的热运动会扩散到很大空间，A错．一定量的100℃的水变成100℃的水蒸气，需吸收一定热量，其内能增加；而分子个数、温度均未变，表明其分子势能增加，B对．气体的压强与气体分子数密度和分子的平均速率有关，整体的体积增大，分子数密度减小，要保证其压强不变，气体分子的平均速率要增大，即要吸收热量，升高温度，C对．对于一定量的气体，温度升高，分子的平均速率变大，但若气体体积增加得更多，气体的压强可能会降低，D错．根据内能的定义可知，E项正确．气体的温度升高，分子的平均速率肯定会增大，但并不是所有分子的速率都增大，F错．

(2)导热汽缸和活塞，说明气体温度始终与大气温度相同，在液体逐渐流出的过程中气体做等温膨胀、压强减小的变化，气体温度未变，分子数密度减小，则气体分子的平均动能不变，A错误；对活塞单位时间内撞击次数减少，B错误；单位时间内分子对活塞的冲量减小，C错误；因为气体温度未变，所以气体的内能未变，则气体对外界做功和从外界吸收的热量相等，D正确．

选择题

— ________________________________

— I'm going to buy an English book. [ ]

A. Do you have comic book?

B. What are you going to buy?

C. This afternoon.

D. I'm going to plant trees.
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单项选择题

Passage Two

During the last thirty years, the international economy has experienced a basic change. Improvements in the Internet and other communications have had important effects on world markets. Faster methods of transport from one place to another have made the world seem smaller to the businessmen. As a result, the world no longer. consists of a number of separate economies under the control of different nations. Instead, the nations have been integrated into a single economy, and the integration is becoming more and more complete every year. For the first time in history, we can truly speak of a global economy.
The most dramatic example of this integration was the oil crisis of 1973 and 1974. It came as a great surprise to the public in the industrial nations to discover that they depended so heavily on imported oil. However, the best evidence for the growing integration is the rapid expansion in the volume of world trade. It went up by about 7% a year during the decade from 1990 to 2000, and in several quasi-industrial (半工业的) countries the growth was even more rapid. As a result, some imported products have become as common as domestic commodity. Some of them are too common for the public to any more realize they are foreign.
Production has also become international, which is manifested by the large corporations stepping across national borders and established branches and subsidiaries in several different countries. As an example, U.S. companies are building automobiles in Canada, Germany, Britain and Japan. In some cases, components of an automobile are produced abroad and shipped to the United States, where it is then finished with the imported parts. When even the United States has the largest number of such corporations, it is not the only. Other multinationals, for instance, are based in Japan, France, Germany, the UK and Italy.
Labor, too, is much more mobile than in the past. Both skilled and unskilled workers can now readily migrate from one country to another. In Europe, for example, there are large numbers of Turkish workers employed in the Germany Economy. Doctors, lawyers, and other professionals are also finding it easier to work in foreign countries. The labor market has become international, and the number of expatriate workers is continuing to grow.

"Expatriate workers" in the last sentence are those who ______ .

A．can’t find jobs in their own countries

B．leave their countries to live and work abroad

C．have to leave their countries for all their life

D．are professionals in medicine, law and other professions
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