问题 单项选择题

2500年前诞生的《孙子兵法》(又称《孙武兵法》),是世界上现存最古老的兵书,代表了中国古代军事思想的最高境界,但是它的作者究竟是谁? 

司马迁在《史记·孙武吴起列传》中说,孙武和孙膑都确有其人,孙武生于春秋末期,孙膑则晚100多年,生于战国,各有兵法传世。由于孙武是春秋末期吴王的客卿,孙膑在战国中期的齐国担任过军师,因此班固在《汉书》中把孙武的兵法叫《吴孙子》,把孙膑的兵法《齐孙子》。《吴孙子》就是一直流传于世的《孙子兵法》,而《齐孙子》(《孙膑兵法》)在魏晋时已无记载。 

唐宋以后,有人对《孙子兵法》及作者提出疑问,认为此书源于孙武,却完成于孙膑;也有人认认为先秦著作往往不是出自一人之手,唐代杜牧说,孙武的兵法原有数十万言,曹操削其繁剩,笔其精粹,以成此书;近代著名学者梁启超等不但怀疑《孙子兵法》其书为伪,甚至怀疑孙武、孙膑为同一人。 

孙武与孙膑是否同为一人?他们各自是否都有兵书留世?此谜在20世纪70年代山东临沂银雀山汉墓的考古发掘中被解。1972年,临沂地区偶然发现一座汉墓,陪葬品中有大量竹简,其中包括《孙子兵法》(105枚)、《孙膑兵法》(232枚),这批竹简经刮削、烤炙而成,做工精细,两端平整,无刀削痕迹,系先用锯锯成而后锉磨而成。银雀山汉简的形制、书写格式、篇题的处理及各式符号的运用等,均符合汉代的简册制度。 

临沂银雀山汉墓竹简带给世人最大的惊喜,莫过于还原了《孙子兵法》十三篇全貌以及《孙膑兵法》十六篇。经专家整理分析,银雀山竹简中的《孙子兵法》十三篇都有文字保存,这是现存最早的《孙子兵法》版本,大约成书于西汉初期,是最接近作者原始思想的版本,为校勘和研究《孙子兵法》提供了宝贵的资料,文献价值非同一般。竹简本《孙子兵法》计2300余字,现存内容与宋代版本相比,有100多处不同点,十分值得研究。 

竹简本《孙膑兵法》整理出222枚,共得6000字以上,该兵法在消失了上千年后,失而复得。该书整理出上、下两编,上编可以确定属于《齐孙子》,共十五篇;下编是还不能确定属于《齐孙子》的论兵之作。竹简本篇数大大少于《艺文志》著录本,也不是完善的版本。这些实物证据揭示历史上的孙武、孙膑并非一人,也印证了司马迁《史记》中有关孙武、孙膑记载的真实性,《孙膑兵法》确有其书。

银雀山汉墓竹简不能用来证明:

A.《孙膑兵法》的作者是谁 

B.司马迁相关记载的可靠性 

C.《孙膑兵法》是否确有其书 

D.孙武、孙膑是否为同一人

答案

参考答案:A

解析:

解析

本题考查细节理解。

A项《孙膑兵法》的作者并没有明确提及,所以不能用来证明。

B项,根据原文“……印证了司马迁《史记》中有关孙武、孙膑记载的真实性。”可以得出。

C项,原文末段”《孙膑兵法》确有其书“可以得出。D项,”这些实物证据揭示了历史上的孙武、孙膑并非一人“可以得出结论。

本题答案为A。

考点:文章阅读

阅读理解
"Dear Grandpa Guo, we are losing our childhoods! Please help us!"
Guo Chuanjie, a famous scientist, received a letter from a Beijing primary school student. The student said that many Chinese kids have to take extra classes on weekends in order to enter key middle schools. The kid hoped more people would hear his voice with Guo’s help.
Guo is a member of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC,中国人民政治 协商会议). Last month the CPPCC members met in Beijing. They are from all walks of life - scientists, businesspeople, doctors, artists and athletes. They give proposals (提案) on the country’s important issues(问题) to make our country better. For the Beijing student’s letter, Guo read it in front of Yuan Guiren, China’s Minister of Education (教育部部长), during a CPPCC meeting.
According to Xinhua, there were 5,762 proposals in all. Many of the proposals were about problems like housing prices, heavy traffic and food safety, which were related to people’s daily lives. Some proposals were about teenagers. For example, singer Han Hong suggested that the government should deal with people who traffic(拐卖) children.
As usual, proposals will be given to relative departments (相关部门) after the meetings. For example, Guo’s proposal was handed to the Ministry of Education. The departments will consider the proposals carefully and see if they can be carried out in the future.
小题1: The primary school student thought ____________ with Guo’s help.
A.children were losing their childhoods
B.he didn’t have to take extra classes
C.more people would hear his voice
D.he could enter key middle school
小题2:Many of the proposals were about problems except ____________ according to the passage.
A.housing pricesB.heavy trafficC.food safetyD.scientific research
小题3: After the CPPCC meetings, Guo’s proposal ____________.
A.was given to other members of the meeting
B.was sent to the primary school student
C.was handed to the Ministry of EducationD.was returned to himself
小题4:Which of the following sentences is NOT TURE?
A.A primary school student wrote a letter to a famous scientist, Guo Chuanjie.
B.Guo Chuanjie went to Beijing for the CPPCC meetings last month.
C.Guo Chuanjie read the student’s letter during a meeting.
D.Guo Chuanjie wrote a letter to the Ministry of Education.
选择题