问题 单项选择题

如果你演讲时讲真话,那么富人会反对你。如果你演讲时讲假话,那么穷人会反对你。你演讲时或者讲真话,或者讲假话。所以,或者富人会反对你,或者穷人会反对你。以下哪项与上述推理的结构最为相似?()

A.如果月球上有生物,则一定有空气。如果月球上有生物,则一定有水分。月球上或者没有空气,或者没有水分。所以,月球上没有生物

B.如果对物体加压,则它的体积会变小。如果对物体降温,则它的体积会变小。或者对物体加压,或者对物体降温。所以,物体的体积会变小

C.如果天下雨,则地一定会湿。如果天不下雨,则地不一定会湿。或者天下雨或者天不下雨。所以,或者地一定会湿,或者地不一定会湿

D.如果刺激老虎,则老虎要吃人。如果不刺激老虎,则老虎也要吃人。或者刺激老虎,或者不刺激老虎。总之,老虎要吃人

答案

参考答案:C

解析:题干给出的是个两难命题。两种情况的条件即说真话和说假话,是互为矛盾关系的,符合这一特点的只有C、D项,此外,两种情况各自的结论之间即富人反对你和穷人反对你之间是反对关系。C项两个结论之间是矛盾关系,D项两个结论之间是同一关系。由于矛盾关系可以看作是特殊的反对关系,所以C项与题干更类似。故选C。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Once very surprising, now very important, women astronauts (宇航员) explain what's so cool about

zero-g, and what 50 years exploration (探索) has taught the world.

     Peggy Whitson

     Age: 48

    Astronaut since:  1996 

    Space time: Two six-month tours on the Intemational Space Station, in 2002 and 2007-2008.

    "Mind is a lot more important than body. So is your ability to think in 3-D and imagine how to move things

in a different way than on earth. The second time I went to the station, it felt like coming home. I got

comfortable much more quickly. Everything is lifted while you're up there, so you look younger. Being back

on earth is not pleas ant at first. Moving around is difficult, like playing basketball. But I had my physical

training for about a month after my retum."

     Sunita Williams

     Age: 43

     Astronaut since: 1998

     Space time: Six months on the space station in 2006-2007, including more than 29 hours of space walks.

    "I learned after about a week how to fly beautifully without going too fast or shaking around. I had a hard

time remembering how to walk, I prefer flying! When you have that idea of being far away anti looking back

at the planet, you don't see any cit- ies or countries. You see a very quiet place. Just as Gandhit-the Father of

the Na- tion in India, once explained the feeling of oneness in all of us. Seeing our planet from space, you

understand that."

      Barbara Morgan

     Age: 56

     Astronaut since: 1985

     Space time: One shuttle mission in 2007

     "No matter how I was situated (处于…位置) the first day, it seemed that my body was upside down

(颠倒着). That might have been because all your blood comes to your head. And what memory do you have

in that situation? It's like when you're kids, hanging upside down."

1. What kinds of writing is the passage?

A. A news report.

B. A scientific article.

C. A textbook lesson.

D. A recorded interview.

2. How many of the mentioned women astronauts talked about zero-g?

A. None.

B. One.

C. Two.

D. Three.

3. What is the most serious problem astronauts may come across after they retum to the earth?

A. They are still living a space life as usual.

B. They are not used to the earth's situation.

C. They are not as comfortable as in space.

D. They are still thinking of their space travel.

4. What did Sunita Williams mainly leam by seeing the earth from space?

A. Cities and countries are too small to be seen from space.

B. We have only one earth, so we must protect our home.

C. People in the world must come together as one family.

D. The space is so big that the earth looks like a small ball.

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