问题 单项选择题

某基坑开挖深度为8.0m,其基坑形状及场地土层如下图所示,基坑周边无重要构筑物及管线。粉细砂层渗透系数为1.5×10-2cm/s,在水位观测孔中测得该层地下水水位埋深为0.5m。为确保基坑开挖过程中不致发生突涌,拟采用完整井降水措施(降水井管井过滤器半径设计为0.15m,过滤器长度与含水层厚度一致),将地下水水位降至基坑开挖面以下0.5m,试问,根据《建筑基坑支护技术规程》JGJ 120—99估算本基坑降水时至少需要布置的降水井数量(口)为下列何项 ()

                                    

A.2

B.3

C.4

D.5

答案

参考答案:B

解析:

(1)基坑降水设计时基坑内水位降深S为:S=8.0-0.5+0.5=8.0m

本基坑为不规则块状基坑,其等效半径γ0为:

=40m

(2)本场地含水层为承压含水层,基坑周边无重要构筑物,基坑侧壁安全等级为三级,场地含水层影响半径R为:R=

=10×8.0×

=288m

(3)基坑总涌水量Q为:Q=2.73k

=2.73×12.96×

=3717m3/d

(4)采用完整井降水,单井抽水量q宜为:

q=120π γsl

=120×3.14×0.15×12.0×

=1593m3/d

(5)至少需要的降水井数n为:n=1.1×

=2.56≈3口

基坑降水是基坑工程设计和施工中的重要环节和内容,岩土工程师应对含水层的类型、地下水控制方法、降水井的设计等知识熟练掌握。本题首先应能够判别含水层为承压含水层;对承压含水层降水井的影响半径,当无试验资料时,可按R=10S

计算;应用承压含水层完整井涌水量计算公式即可算出基坑的总涌水量,其中不规则形状的基坑等效半径应换算成等面积的圆形基坑的半径;最后根据单井的抽水能力即可求出所需的降水井数。

单项选择题
单项选择题

Watch a baby between six and nine months old, and you will observe the basic concepts of geometry being learned. Once the baby has mastered the idea that space is three-dimensional, it reached out and begins grasping various kinds of objects. It is then, from perhaps nine to fifteen months, that the concepts of sets and numbers are formed. So far, so good. But now an ominous development takes place. The nerve fibers in the brain insulate themselves in such a way that the baby begins to hear sounds very precisely. Soon it picks up language, and it is then brought into direct communication with adults. From this point on, it is usually downhill all the way for mathematics, because the child now becomes exposed to all the nonsense words and beliefs of the community into which it has been so unfortunate as to have been born. Nature having done very well by the child to this point, having permitted it the luxury of thinking for itself for eighteen months, now abandons it to the arbitrary conventions and beliefs of society. But at least the child knows something of geometry and numbers, and it will always retain some memory of the early happy days, no matter what vicissitudes it may suffer later on. The main reservoir of mathematical talent in any society is thus possessed by children who are about two years old, children who have just learned to speak fluently.

Which of the following activities would teach a baby about geometry().

A. Picking up language.

B. Communicating with others.

C. Recognizing numbers.

D. Catching different objects.