问题 问答题 简答题

某同学测定食盐中氯的含量时,实验记录如下:在万分之一分析天平上称取0.021085g试样,用沉淀滴定法的莫尔法滴定,用去0.1073mol•L1AgNO3标准溶液3.5735mL;请指出其中错误。如何改进才能提高测定的准确度?

答案

参考答案:

(1)万分之一分析天平的称量误差为±0.0001g,则称量值不可能为0.021085g,应记录为0.0211g。

(2)常用滴定管的读数误差为±0.01mL,因此,滴定体积读数应记录为3.57mL。

(3)用万分之一分析天平“差减法”称量两次,绝对误差最大范围为±0.0002g,为了使测量时的相对误差在±0.1%以下,其称样量应大于0.2g;该同学的称样量太小,不能保证分析结果的相对误差在±0.1%以下,因而无法达到较高的准确度。欲提高测定的准确度,至少称样量应扩大10倍。

(4)在滴定分析中,滴定管读数误差为±0.01mL,在一次滴定中需读数两次,因此,可能造成±0.02mL的误差,为使体积测量的相对误差不超过±0.1%,则滴定体积必须在=20mL以上,该同学因称样量太小,导致滴定剂的消耗量太小,同样无法达到较高的准确度。若提高测定的准确度,应使滴定剂的消耗量为20~30mL;以减小相对误差。

单项选择题

Robert J. Oppenheimer was a famous American physicist, who directed the (1) of the first atomic bombs.

Oppenheimer was born in New York City on April 22, 1904, and was educated at Harvard University and the universities of Cambridge. After (2) the International Education Board from 1928 to 1929, he became a professor of physics at the University of California and the California Institute of Technology, where he built up large (3) of theoretical physics. He was noted for his contributions (4) to the theory of relativity, cosmic rays, and neutron stars.

From 1943 to 1945 , Oppenheimer served as director of the atomic bomb project at Los Alamos, New Mexico. His leadership and organizational skills (5) him the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1946. In 1947 he became director of the Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton, New Jersey, serving there (6) the year before his death. He was also chairman of the General Advisory Committee of the Atomic Energy Commission from 1947 to 1952 and served (7) as an adviser. In 1954, however, he was suspended from this position (8) his past association with Communists. This action (9) the political atmosphere of the time, as well as the dislike of some politicians and military (10) for Oppenheimer’s opposition to development of the hydrogen bomb and his (11) of arms control. His (12) was not really in doubt. (13) , efforts were made to clear his name, and in 1963 the AEC (14) him its highest honor, the Enrico Fermi Award. Oppenheimer (15) his final years to study of the relationship between science and society. He died in Princeton on February 18, 1967.

1()

A.orientation

B.manipulation

C.development

D.management

单项选择题