阅读理解

     When we talk about stars, especially women stars, it seems that they are always young, pretty and own charming body shapes. But recently a Britain's Got Talent(英国达人)star Susan Boyle has changed our    views absolutely.

     Simon Cowell, one of the judges of the talent show spoke of his shock over Ms Boyle's voice. "This     lady camp up, and I'm thinking, 'This will take five seconds and I can go to have a cup of tea'. That           changed when she began to sing I Dreamed to Dream from Les Miserables. She knew we were going to  have that reaction and just to see that look of satisfaction on her face through -it was one of my favorite    moments," Cowell said.

     The performance was posted on line and before long, the 47-year-old Scottish woman has been           famous all over the world.

     Speaking from her home in Scotland, Ms Boyle said that she hasn't thought of changing her                  appearance. She said that her friend helped her with make-up. "I mean, that's hardly a makeover," she      added. Ms Boyle also spoke of the reason she first began to explore her vocal talents, "I was kind of slow at school, so getting like singing was a good way of hiding behind that and thus it built my confidence. "

1. Susan Boyle is _________

A. a judge  

B. a reporter  

C. a beautiful  

D. a Scottish woman

2. Susan Boyle had a look of satisfaction on her face when she was singing because______.

A. she was confident of her singing

B. she was satisfied with the judges

C. she was pretty and in good shape

D. she sang the song I Dreamed a Dream from Les Miserables

3. According to the passage, which is NOT true?

A. It was the vocal talents that built Susan's confidence

B. Susan Boyle was not good at her lesson when at school.

C. Susan Boyle became famous because of her appearance.

D. Simon Cowell didn't think Susan Boyle a good singer at the first sight.

4. What can we learn from Susan Boyle's success

A. It's never too old to learn.

B. It's easier to succeed at the age of 47.

C. If you have a dream, try to make it come true!

D. If you are not able to study well, to be a singer instead.

公文，以其规范的体式、法定的效力，以其体现意志的团体性和所产生作用的强制性，对写作语言的使用提出了很高的要求。在公文写作的过程中，人们往往从公文语言的逻辑性、严密性、准确性上考虑，注意区分其与口头语言和书面文学语言的区别，但常常却容易疏忽模糊语言的运用，或者即便使用了，也是在一种潜意识中使用，而没有真正理解什么是模糊语言。让我们试从语言概念内涵和外延的模糊性与反映客观事物的模糊性，从语言概念内涵和外延的模糊性与表述需要的模糊性两个相对应上来看模糊语言的实质。模糊语言是一个语言概念，是反映客观事物中那些在内涵和外延上都有不确定性的语言概念。它的最大特点在于客观事物的模糊和语言本身在内涵、外延上模糊的相对应，形成了表述事物的准确性。比如：“全国人民奋勇前进”，“全军上下努力完成”等，其中修饰“前进”的“奋勇”和修饰“完成”的“努力”，其本身在客体上就是模糊性。如果在此把它精确化：全国人民用多快的速度前进，全军上下用多大的力气去完成，从表象上看是精确的，但实际上是模糊的，问题在于语言上的精确所对应的客体是模糊的。同时有的事物在客体上并不模糊，而为了满足某一种特殊需要在表述上要模糊，这同样是模糊的相对应，只是客体变成了实际需要。比如：“领导一再强调了这个问题，还是没有引起一些人的足够重视。”其中修饰“强调”的“一再”就是一个模糊的概念，而这里强调的频率是完全可以精确化的，三次、五次、甚至一百次、一万次，然而表述的目的并不是简单地反映“强调”的频率，而是要反映“强调”的重要性。这样，“一再”就比其他任何能确指的频率在表述效果上都更有力。语言模糊不是一个语言概念，而是一种语言现象，是一种对客观事物反映含糊不清的语言现象。其主要的特点是没有形成两种模糊的相对应。一种为客观事物和表述需要是精确的，而表述语言却是模糊的；一种为客观事物和表达需要是模糊的，而表述语言却是精确的。比如：“队伍于某日凌晨三点以后在张家口以南集结。”人到的差不多了，开会吧!这里的“凌晨三点以后”“张家口以南”和“差不多”都是极其模糊的时间、范围概念，而在这里却是所需要的一个确定的时间和范围概念。这就是客体上和实际表述需要的确定与表述过程的模糊性的相对应。再比如：“这件事发生在大约10年前的某一天”。其中，“10年前”其本身在客体上是模糊的东西，而在表述过程中的“某一天”却把它精确化，这是客体上模糊和表述过程精确化的相对应。无论是哪一种对应，都是反映客观事物模糊而容易产生歧义的语言模糊现象。这种模糊现象在公文写作过程中是绝对要避免的。综上所述，模糊语言和语言模糊本质的区别在于是否形成了两种对应，即客观上的模糊、实际表述需要的模糊和表述过程中语言概念的模糊相对应；客体上的精确、实际表述需要的精确和表述过程中语言概念的精确相对应。否则，便是语言模糊。

关于公文“模糊语言”的实质，下列不正确的一项是（）。

A．模糊语言是反映客观事物中那些在内涵和外延上都有不确定性的语言概念

B．模糊语言是指客观事物模糊与语言内涵外延模糊相对应，从而表述事物的准确性

C．模糊语言是指从表象上看是精确的，但实际上是模糊的，即语言上的精确而所对应的客体是模糊的

D．模糊语言是指表述上的模糊，实际上比其他任何确指的频率在表达效果上都更加有力