问题 填空题

阅读材料,回答下列问题.

材料一印度人认为支撑世界的是站在巨龟上的大象,而巨龟又是站在蛇上的.古埃及人认为高高的大山支撑着天空,而星星则从天上垂悬着.

材料二类首次环球航行示意图.

(1)材料一中,古印度人和古埃及人对地球形状的认识是否正确?请分析原因.

(2)人类历史上最早带领船队完成环球航行的航海家是______.该船队从西班牙出发,首先进入______洋,绕过A洲南端进入______洋,1521年到达______群岛,艰难地横渡______洋,再经过B洲南端的______,最终回到了西班牙,此次航行方向一直是向______(西、东),途中经过地球上最长的纬线的次数是______次.

(3)该船队环球航行的成功能说明以下哪一地理事实______.

A.地球是一个球体B.人类活动可以影响气候C.大陆漂移D.世界各国经济发展不均衡

(4)针对人类首次环球航行成功的壮举,谈谈你的感悟.

答案

参考答案:(1)不正确;凭主观想象判断地球形状.(2)麦哲伦;大西;太平;马来;印度;好望角;西;4.(3)A.(4)在认识事物的过程中,要勇于探索,敢于实践;在对待科学的态度上坚持“实践是检验真理的唯一标准”的观点,不“人云亦云”.

解析:分析:第(1)题,地球是一个球体,古印度人和古埃及人的认识显然是错误的,错误的原因是活动范围狭小,科技不发达,只凭主观想象来认识世界.第(2)题,人类首次环球航行是1519~1922年,麦哲伦所带领的船队的航行信息可从图中获取.第(3)题,人类首次环球航行,从西班牙出发,渡过大西洋、太平洋、印度洋,最终又回到大西洋,可以证明,地球是一个球体.(4)在认识事物的过程中,要勇于探索,敢于实践;在对待科学的态度上坚持“实践是检验真理的唯一标准”的观点,不“人云亦云”.解答:(1)地球是一个球体,古印度人和古埃及人的认识显然是错误的,错误的原因是活动范围狭小,科技不发达,只凭主观想象来认识世界.(2)人类历史上最早带领船队完成环球航行的航海家是麦哲伦.该船队从西班牙出发,首先进入大西洋,绕过A洲即南美洲南端进入太平洋,1521年到达马来群岛,艰难地横渡印度洋,再经过B洲即非洲南端的好望角,最终回到了西班牙,此次航行方向一直是向西,途中经过地球上最长的纬线即赤道的次数是4次.(3)麦哲伦船队环球航行的成功能说地球是一个球体. (4)针对人类首次环球航行成功的壮举,其感悟是在认识事物的过程中,要勇于探索,敢于实践;在对待科学的态度上坚持“实践是检验真理的唯一标准”的观点,不“人云亦云”.故答案为:(1)不正确;凭主观想象判断地球形状.(2)麦哲伦;大西;太平;马来;印度;好望角;西;4.(3)A.(4)在认识事物的过程中,要勇于探索,敢于实践;在对待科学的态度上坚持“实践是检验真理的唯一标准”的观点,不“人云亦云”.点评:本题考查知识点较多,理解解答即可

单项选择题 A1/A2型题
阅读理解

I love science and science fiction. Like many science fiction fans, I am fascinated by the possibility of time travel. However, one must combine romance with reasoning and look into the chances of time travel critically.

First of all, we must remember the whole universe is in motion. If we want to go back to yesterday, our "time machine" has to move back in time and space. If someone claimed he was at home when he suddenly travelled 200 years back in time, he either had an illusion or made the story up. Two hundred years ago, Earth was in a different place in space, so how can you travel back 200 years without moving in space? Don't get me wrong. I am not knocking the genius of science fiction writers. H.G. Wells's "The Time Machine" is a great work of fiction, but that’s all. I have read many other time travelling science fiction stories since reading H.G. Wells, but none address this problem of displacement.

My own argument for the impossibility of time travel is that physical states of the past no longer exist and those of the future are not here yet. To be able to move back and forth in time requires everything that has happened, is happening, and will happen everywhere in the whole universe at every single moment in time-past, present, and future-to be stored as a "reality" somewhere-like the save game file of a computer game that contains every single byte of information of the game at the point it was saved, but you would need an almost extremely large file and almost extremely many of them-so it can be re-entered and communicated with, and not just light signals for viewing. To me, I don’t buy it.

小题1:Which of the following can be the best title?

A.How to make time travel possible?

B.Why am I fascinated by time travel?

C.Why do I think time travel is not possible?

D.How to explain the possibility of time travel?小题2:What’s the meaning of the underlined word “illusion”?

A.success

B.dream

C.switch

D.support小题3: According to the author, which of the following is RIGHT?

A.We can go back to the past by time travel.

B.People can travel to the future by moving in space.

C.“The Time Machine” is nothing more than a science fiction.

D.Everything that happened, is happening and will happen can be stored somewhere.小题4:In the author’s opinion, time travel might be possible if                            .

A.people could combine romance with reasoning

B.people could stop the movement of the whole universe

C.people could use time machine under the instruction of H.G. Wells

D.people could “save” everything in the past, present and future in a certain space