问题 问答题

本题仅限报考行政执法类、市(地)以下综合管理类职位的考生作答。

在关于增强自主创新能力问题对策的讨论中,有人发表了“四点对策”。
其一,继续加强投入,只有扩大平台的覆盖范围,才能充分发挥科技平台的作用,提高平台的使用效率。
其二,要积极发挥企业的创新主体作用,就是要求企业树立强烈的自主创新意识,把创新置于企业战略的最重要位置。
其三,创新需要有良好的空间载体和基地,要依靠税收、土地等优惠政策驱动的发展模式,提升内在发展能力和创新能力。具体而言,发挥高新区的创新载体作用,需要实现增长方式上的粗放向集约转变、单一重项目引进向重环境和服务引进的转变、以政策优惠为主向制度创新为主的转变、创新方式上的单一模仿创新向模仿和自主创新相结合的创新方式转变、重单一的空间规模扩张向重视人力资源的开发转变。
其四,要充分发挥政府的基础性作用,充分发挥市场在科技资源配置中的主导作用,充分发挥企业在技术创新中的引领作用,充分发挥国家科研机构的骨干和主体作用,充分发挥大学的基础和生力军作用,为建设创新型国家提供良好的制度保障。
这“四点对策”,内容上、表述上都存在问题。请指出这份“对策”存在的问题,并提出修改意见。
[要求]
①明确指出存在哪些问题。
②写出相关的修改意见(包括写出需要补充的内容)。
③条理清楚,表达简明,不超过400字。

答案

参考答案:

解析:对策一:扩大平台的覆盖范围不是充分发挥科技条件平台的作用的必要条件,不是提高平台的使用效率的条件。应该改为并列关系,即继续加强投入,扩大平台的覆盖范围,充分发挥科技条件的作用,提高使用效率。 对策二:说法片面。创造和完善有利于企业的创新环境,积极发挥企业的创新主体作用,不仅需要企业树立强烈的自主创新意识,把创新置于企业战略的最重要位置,还需要政府为企业创新创造良好的环境。 对策三:依靠税收、土地等优惠政策驱动的发展模式是以前采用的模式,这种模式使得我国高新技术园区自身发展存在产业集群机制和内生创新机制缺失的问题。现在我们要建立高新技术园区,发展高新技术产业集群的模式。 对策四:此建议颠倒了政府和企业在建设创新型国家过程中的角色。建设创新型国家要充分发挥政府的主导作用,充分发挥市场在科技资源配置中的基础性作用,充分发挥企业在技术创新中的主体作用,充分发挥国家科研机构的骨干和引领作用。

单项选择题 B型题
阅读理解

First the ground shook in Haiti, then Chile and Turkey. The earthquakes keep coming hard and fast this year, causing people to wonder if something evil (邪恶的) is happening underfoot.

It’s not.

While it may seem as if there are more earthquakes occurring, there really aren’t. the problem is what’s happening above ground, not underground, experts say.

More people are moving into big cities that happen to be built in quake zones, and they’re rapidly putting up buildings that can’t withstand (经受) earthquakes, scientists believe.

And around-the-clock news coverage (报道) and better earthquake monitoring make it seem as if earthquakes are ever-present.

“I can definitely tell you that the world is not coming to an end,” said Bob Holdsworth, an expert in tectonics (筑造学) at Durharn University in the UK.

A 7.0 magnitude quake in January killed more than 230,000 people in Haiti. Last month, an 8.8 magnitude quake--- the fifth-strongest since 1900—killed more than 900 people in Chile. And two weeks ago, a 6.0 magnitude quake struck rural eastern Turkey, killing at least 57 people.

On average, there are 134 earthquakes a year that have a magnitude between 6.0 and 6.9, according to the US Geological Survey. This year is off to a fast start with 40 so far—more than in most years for that time period.

But that’s because the 8.8 quake in Chile generated a large number of strong aftershocks, and so many quakes this early in the year skews (扭曲) the picture, said Paul Earle, a US seismologist (地震学家).

Also, it’s not the number of quakes, but their devastating (破坏性的) impacts that gain attention, with the death tolls (死亡人数) largely due to construction standards and crowding, Earle added. “The standard mantra (咒语) is earthquakes don’t kill people, buildings do, ” he said.

There have been more deaths over the past decades from earthquakes, said University of Colorado geologist Roger Bilham. In an opinion column last month in the journal Nature, Bilham called for better construction standards in the world’s big cities.

Of the 130 cities worldwide with populations of more than 1 million, more than half are prone (倾向于) to earthquakes, Bilham said.

Developing nations, where populations are booming, don’t pay attention to earthquake preparedness, Bilham said.” If you have a problem feeding yourself, you’re not really going to worry about earthquakes.”

Another reason quakes seem worse is that we’re paying attention more. The Haiti earthquake quickly followed by the 8.8 in Chile made everyone start to think.

But it won’t last, said US disaster researcher Deniis Mileti. “People are paying attention to the violent planet we’ve always lived on,” Mileti said.” Come back in another six months if there has been no earthquakes, most people will have forgotten it again. ”

73. What is the main idea of the article?

A. The number of earthquakes is increasing this year.     

B. The reasons why earthquakes are so devastating.

C. The reasons why recent earthquakes have struck large cities.

D. Why earthquakes seem to be more serious this year.

74. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the seeming increase in earthquakes this year,

according to the article?

A. Greater underground activity.      

B. A larger number of buildings prone to damage during earthquakes.

C. Around-the-clock news coverage.   

D. Better earthquake monitoring.

75. According to the article, it is safe to say that ______.

A. there is an evil force beneath the world’s surface

B. large cities are always built in quake zones

C. enough attention has been paid to reducing the impact of earthquakes

D. the earthquake in Chili caused many aftershocks.

76. According to the article, the greater damage of earthquakes this year can be mainly caused by ______.

A. the occurrence of larger earthquakes

B. insufficient warnings about earthquakes

C. poor construction standards and overcrowding

D. an increase in large cities