问题 问答题 论述题

试抒《文赋》关于创作构思的论述。

答案

参考答案:

陆机《文赋》是我国文学批评史上第一篇完整的系统性文学理论作品。此文用赋的形式较为细致地分析阐述了文学创作过程。《文赋》中论文学创作的构思:

一.他认为文学创作是一个形象思维过程,认为文学创作必须要观察万物,钻研古籍,具有高洁心情。

二.构思中意与物的关系:对文学创作构思中的各种现象作了详细而精彩的描述,如论述构思中意与物的关系就十分细致而生动。创作者因为有感于物而引起创作冲动。

三.构思中的灵感:认为创作者灵感的潜意识表现为突发性和不受主观意志和人力支配的自动性。如其“来不可遏,去不可止”。

陆机论述了灵感在创作中的重要作用,探讨了灵感的心理特征,以及灵感的根源,特别注意并论述了文学创作的整个过程。这也是他对我国文学批评和文学理论的主要贡献。

单项选择题

Passage OneA recent study indicates that the “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.In general, these “short sleepers” appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or work fullor parttime while going to school. And many of them had a p urge to appear “normal” or “acceptable” to their friends and associates.When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers” were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic.The “long sleepers” were quite different indeed. According to the study, these young men had lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers”.Many of the “long sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted, inhibited, passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly state that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.

Many “short sleepers” are likely to hold the view that ().

A.sleep is a withdrawal from the reality

B.sleep interferes with their sound judgment

C.sleep is the least expensive item on their routine program

D.sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles

单项选择题 A1型题