问题 填空题


In the following passage, there are 25 blanks representing words that are missing from the context. You are to put back in each of the blanks the missing word. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 25 minutes.
Of all the employed workers in the United States, 12.5 million are part of a temporary workforce. The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics counts 9.2 percent of workers as those who have (1) they term "alternative employment arrangements." The government predicts that temporary staffing agencies (2) experience growth of 49 percent by 2010. If numbers increase at the rate (3) , these companies will add 1.9 million new jobs by 2010. That’s more than any (4) industry.
Temporary workers were the first ones to be affected by the recent economic recession, but they are (5) to be the first to regain positions as the economy picks up and companies work to rebuild. Employers use temporary workers as a resource because (6) offer
flexibility and come at a low cost. Many temporaries are categorized as "independent contractors" instead of employees, (7) allows the employer to avoid (8) certain taxes. Because they are not required to offer benefits to temporary workers, companies can save a great deal of money by hiring temps. Usually, temporary workers can qualify (9) benefits if they work for a staffing company for a certain length of time. Most temps, however, do not continue with one company long (10) to qualify for them because they regard the position as a step on the ladder to a (11) position later.
According to Richard Wahlquist, president of the American Staffing Association, 75 (12) of temporary workers hope for transition out of the temporary staffing category (13) a period of time. Wahlquist finds that temporary workers spend about 11 weeks on various assignments before their (14) out of the temporary workforce. Many use temporary positions to gain experience and skills (15) they move on to better jobs. Wahquist says that the temp workforce as a whole turns (16) 400 percent each year.
Tom Dilworth, research director at the Employment Policies Institute, explains (17) some workers like having temporary jobs (18) it affords them a great deal of elasticity with time and everything. Some temps only have a limited (19) of time to work and temp agencies can help coordinate jobs to fit their schedules. Other sometimes-employees use temporary jobs to get an (20) to a company from the inside, to get a foot in the door of a certain business or career. (21) others take temporary positions in hopes their employers will change them over to permanent positions eventually.
Nearly all the industries in the United States use temporary workers. (22) to Tim Costello, coordinator of the North American Alliance for Fair Employment, the growth of temporary labor threatens (23) job security of permanent workers who fear replacement,as well as the temps who are more accustomed to turnover. He predicts that there will continueto (24) a gradual shift from permanent employees to contingent staffing, and that such a (25) in workplace demographics will "lead to lower wages, poorer working conditions, and more instability."

答案

参考答案:for

解析: 习惯搭配。 qualify for使合格,有……的资格。

简答题

阅读下列材料:

材料一 英国作为世界第一经济大国的地位早在1913年就已经让位给美国了。战后英美之间经济实力的差距拉开得越来越大,英国海上霸主的地位也一去不复返了。

材料二 到1919年协约国欠美国债务100亿美元,其中英国向美国借了大约40亿,法国向美国借了30亿,全世界共有20多个国家欠了美国的债务。美国的黄金储备大为增加,从1913年的7亿美元增加到1921年的25亿,到1930年再增加到45亿,世界黄金储备量的40%已在美国手里。英国的黄金储备量从1913年的2亿美元到1921年只增加到8亿。国际金融中心开始从伦敦转向纽约,美元在世界货币中的地位上升,英镑地位开始下降。

材料三 它(日本)利用“大战的天赐良机”,几乎独占了中国东北的市场,趁英、法忙于战争,加紧向其殖民地进行经济渗透。俄、英等协约国的大量军需订货也大大刺激了日本经济。由于德国实施潜艇战,协约国船只遭到打击,日本海运业首先发展起来。海运业又带动了其他行业,工农业生产空前活跃起来,兴办企业投资越来越狂热化,公司利润成倍激增。大战期间,对外贸易增加4倍,银行资产增加2倍,各项生产平均增长1倍。1914年至1919年工业总产量实增1.8倍,其中尤以造船和海运最为突出。短短几年内,日本由农业国变成工业国(不过其工业化水平和技术水平仍不高),由外贸长期入超变成出超,由债务国变成债权国。1914年至1919年日本国际收支顺差额累计30多亿日元,除抵偿日本战前所欠外债17亿日元外,还购买英、法、俄战时公债和贷给外国27.7亿日元。

——以上均摘自吴于廑、齐世荣编的

《世界史·现代史编》

请回答:

(1)据材料一、二分析一战对英法的影响。(4分)

(2)据材料三分析日本经济发展的表现及结果。(4分)

(3)据材料二、三概括一战对美、日的影响。(4分)

名词解释