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问题 填空题

用 ①质子数、②中子数、③电子数、④质量数、⑤同位素填空，

请将序号填在后面横线上．

（1）136C与147N具有相同的______，（2）136C与126C具有相同的______，

（3）146C与147N具有相同的______，（4）157N与147N互为______．

答案

（1）136C中中子数为13-6=7，147N中中子数为14-7=7，因此二者具有相同的中子数，故答案为：②；

（2）136C与126属于碳元素的两种不同原子，它们的质子数相同，中子数不同，故答案为：①；

（3）146C的质量数为14，质子数为6，中子数为8，147N的质量数为14，质子数为7，中子数为7，因此，二者具有相同的质量数，故答案为：④；

（4）157N与147N是氮元素的不同原子（质子数都是7，中子数分别为：8和7），因此二者互为同位素，故答案：⑤．

填空题

工程上常用磁化曲线和（）等特性曲线来反映磁性材料的基本性能。
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单项选择题

Starting with his review of Skinner’s Verbal Behavior, Noam Chomsky had led the psycholinguists who argue that man has developed an innate (天生的) capacity for dealing with the linguistic universals common to all languages. Experience and learning then provide only information about the (1) instances of those universal aspects of language which are needed to communicate with other people within a particular language (2) .

This linguistic approach (3) the view that language is built upon learned associations between words. What is learned is not strings of words per se (本身), but (4) rules that enable a speaker to (5) an infinite variety of novel sentences. (6) single words are learned as concepts: they do not stand in a one-to-one (7) with the particular thing signified, but (8) all members of a general class.

This view of the innate aspect of language learning is at first not readily (9) into existing psychological frameworks and (10) a challenge that has stimulated much thought and new research directions. Chomsky argues that a precondition for language development is the existence of certain principles "intrinsic (原有的) to the mind" that provide invariant structures (11) perceiving, learning and thinking. Language (12) all of these processes; thus its study (13) our theories of knowledge in general.

Basic to this model of language is the notion that a child’s learning of language is a kind of theory (14) . It’s thought to be accomplished (15) explicit instruction, (16) of intelligence level, at an early age when he is not capable of other complex (17) or motor achievements, and with relatively little reliable data to go on. (18) , the child constructs a theory of an ideal language which has broad (19) power. Chomsky argues that all children could not develop the same basic theory (20) it not for the innate existence of properties of mental organization which limit the possible properties of languages.

3（）

A.attacks

B.assaults

C.charges

D.accuses
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