问题 问答题

如何运用记忆策略培养学生的识记能力。

答案

参考答案:

(1)明确记忆要求,增强知识巩固的自觉性。 

(2)深度加工材料。深度加工是指通过要学习的新材料增加相关的信息来达到对新材料的理解和记忆的方法,如给材料补充细节、举出例子、做出推论,或使之与其他观念形成联想。 

(3)教会学生有效运用记忆术。记忆术是运用联想方法对无意义的材料赋予人为意义,以促进知识保持的策略,如“关键词方法”“联想记忆法”等等。 

(4)教会学生进行组块化编码。所谓组块是指在信息编码过程中,利用贮藏在长时记忆系统的知识经验对进入到短时记忆系统的信息加以组织,使之成为所熟悉的有意义的较大单位的过程。 

(5)引导学生进行适当过度学习。过度学习是指在学习达到刚好成诵以后的附加学习。研究表明,学习的熟练程度达到150%的时候,记忆效果最好。 

(6)组织学生进行合理的复习。要及时复习。研究表明一般分散复习的效果优于集中复习,因此鼓励学生进行分散复习。反复阅读并尝试背诵的记忆效果好于简单的反复阅读,应注意教育学生在阅读过程中边阅读边背诵。

阅读理解

Most of you know this mathematical game, of course. You and your friend draw crosses and circles on a sheet of paper. You do it one after another. The first pupil who gets three marks in a row wins. But do you know that you can play this game another way and it will become more interesting? You must try to make your friend win. If you get your three marks in a row, you don’t win — you lose!

It is more difficult to play this game the other way. The second pupil can always win (if he plays the right way), but he may not win if the first pupil begins with his mark in the center. Then if the first pupil always takes a place on the other side of his friend’s mark, nobody will win.

If your friend does not know the secret which we have explained, you must play each time so as to leave him the greatest number of ways to win. You may try a few games and you will see how interesting it is to play the game this way.

小题1: The passage tells us that it is _____ to play this game.

A.interesting

B.difficult

C.impossible

D.unusual小题2:What s the new rule of the game if we play it another way?

A.The one who gets his three marks in a row wins.

B.The one who makes his friend win wins.

C.The one who plays the right way wins.

D.The one who makes his friend lose wins.小题3:According to the new rule of the game, the second player can always win if the first player __.

A.begins with his mark in the center

B.takes a place on the other side of his friend’s mark

C.tries to get his three marks in a row first

D.doesn’t begin with his mark in the center小题4: What result does the following picture show?

○ =" the" 1st player   × =" the" 2nd player

A.Both of the players win.

B.The first player wins.

C.Neither of the players wins.

D.The second player wins.小题5: What is the best title for this passage?

A.What an Interesting Game

B.A Game of Circles and Crosses

C.The Secret We Want to Explain

D.Marks on a Sheet of Paper

单项选择题