问题 单项选择题 B1型题

治疗燥热伤肺之咳血,应首选()

A.消渴方 

B.清燥救肺汤 

C.桑杏汤 

D.杏苏散 

E.沙参麦冬汤

答案

参考答案:C

解析:

 1.痿病系指外感或内伤,使精血受损,肌肉筋脉失养以致肢体弛缓、软弱无力,甚至日久不用,引起肌肉萎缩或瘫痪的一种病证。

2.病因病机:(1)肺热津伤、湿热浸淫、脾胃受损、肝肾亏损是痿病的病因。(2)病位虽在肌肉筋脉,但关乎五脏,尤以肝肾肺胃最为密切。

3.临床表现:本病以筋脉弛缓,肢体肌肉软弱无力,不能随意活动,甚至肌肉萎缩或瘫痪为主要证候特征。一般以下肢发病多见,也有见于上肢、肩背者,有影响窍隧,难于张口、睁目者,甚至瘫痪于床者。

4.辨证要点:(1)辨虚实。(2)辨脏腑 5.治疗原则:(1)独取阳明即指治痿病应重视调理脾胃,因脾胃为后天之本,肺之津液来源于脾胃,肝肾的精血来源于脾胃的生化,只有脾胃健运,津液精血之源生化,才能充养肢体筋脉,有助于痿病的康复。(2)泻南补北。(3)治兼夹证。(4)慎用风药。

6.分证论治:(1)肺热津伤:清热润肺,濡养筋脉,清燥救肺汤。(2)湿热浸淫:清热燥湿,通利筋脉,加味二妙散。(3)脾胃亏虚:健脾益气,参苓白术散。(4)肝肾亏损:补益肝肾,滋阴清热,虎潜丸。

单项选择题
单项选择题

Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The finding comes from research that (1) a high-risk group of 13 girls, aged 10 to 14, who were not depressed but had mothers who (2) recurrent depression and a low-risk group of 13 girls with no (3) or family history of depression. Both groups were given MRI brain (4) while completing a task that could (5) either reward or punishment.

(6) with girls in the low-risk group, those in the high-risk group had (7) neural responses during both anticipation and receipt of the reward. (8) , the high-risk girls showed no (9) in an area of the brain called the dorsal anterior cingulated cortex (背侧前扣带皮质), believed to play a role in (10) past experiences to assist learning.

The high-risk girls did have greater activation of this brain area (11) receiving punishment, compared with the other girls. The researchers said that this suggests that high-risk girls have easier time (12) information about loss and punishment than information about reward and pleasure.

"Considered together with reduced activation in the striatal (纹状体的) areas commonly observed (13) reward, it seems that the reward-processing system is critically (14) in daughters who are at elevated risk for depression, (15) they have not yet experienced a depressive (16) ," wrote Ian H. Gotlib, of Stanford University, and his colleagues. " (17) , longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether the anomalous activations (18) in this study during the processing of (19) and losses are associated with the (20) onset of depression," they concluded. The study was published in the April of the Archives of General Psychiatry.

12()

A.processing

B.counting

C.employing

D.implying