问题 单项选择题 B型题

属于镇静安眠药的是()

A.地西泮

B.吲哚美辛

C.硝酸甘油

D.胺碘酮

E.阿米卡星

答案

参考答案:A

解析:

本组题考查药物类别问题,需要考生熟练掌握。 地西泮为长效苯二氮革类药,用于焦虑、镇静催眠、还可用于癫痫和抗惊厥等。主要通过刺激上行性网状激活系统内的GABA受体,提高GABA在中枢神经系统的抑制,增强脑干网状结构受刺激后的皮层和边缘性觉醒反应的抑制和阻断来起到镇静催眠作用。吲哚美辛又名消炎痛,为一种非甾体抗炎药物,具有抗炎、镇痛、解热作用,其作用机制是抑制环氧酶而减少局部的前列腺素的合成。硝酸甘油主要用于心绞痛急性发作、急性左心室衰竭,也可用于解除胆绞痛、幽门痉挛、肾绞痛等,但作用暂短。胺碘酮临床适用于室性和室上性心动过速和早搏、阵发性心房扑动和颤动、预激综合征等。也可用于伴有充血性心力衰竭和急性心肌梗塞的心律失常患者。对其他抗心律失常药如维拉帕米、奎尼丁、β受体阻滞剂无效的顽固性阵发性心动过速常能奏效,还用于慢性冠脉功能不全和心绞痛。阿米卡星为抗菌谱和庆大霉素相似的抗菌药,适用于铜绿假单胞菌及部分其他假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、变形杆菌属、克雷伯茵属、肠杆菌属、沙雷菌属、不动杆菌属等敏感革兰阴性杆菌与葡萄球菌属(甲氧西林敏感株)所致严重感染,如菌血症或败血症、细菌性心内膜炎、下呼吸道感染、骨关节感染、胆道感染、腹腔感染、复杂性尿路感染、皮肤软组织感染等。吲哚美辛为一种解热镇痛的非甾体抗炎药物。地西泮为长效苯二氮革类镇静催眠药。

阅读理解

Family traditions were important in our house, and none was more appreciated than the perfect Christmas tree

"Dad, can we watch when you trim(修剪)the tree?" My eldest son. Dan, nine, and his seven -year-old brother John, asked

"I won't be cutting this year," my husband Bob said. "Dan, you and John are old enough to measure things. Do it all by yourselves. Think you boys can handle it?

Dan and John seemed to grow six inches in their chairs at the thought of such an amazing responsibility. "We can handle it." Dan promised. "We won't let you down." .

A few days before Christmas. Dan and John rushed in after school. They gathered the tools they'd need and brought them out to the yard .where the tree waited. I was cooking when I heard the happy sounds as the boys carried the tree into the lying room. Then I heard the sound that every mother knows is trouble: dead silence I hurried out to them. The tree was cut too short. John  crossed his arms tight across his chest. His eyes filled with angry tears.

I felt worried The tree was central to our holiday. I didn't want the boys to feel ashamed every tune they looked at it. I couldn't lower the ceiling, and I couldn't raise the floor either. There was no way to undo the damage done. Suddenly, a thought came to my mind, which turned the problem into the solution. 

“We can't make the tree taller." I said. "But we can put it on a higher position"

Dan nodded his head sideways. "We could put it on the coffee table. It just might work! Let's try it!“

When Bob got home and looked at the big tree on top of the coffee table, Dan and John held their breath.

"What a good idea!" he declared "Why didn't I ever think of such a thing?"   

John broke into a grin Dan's chest swelled with pride.

小题1:Who trimmed the Christmas tree this year?

A.The writer

B.Bob

C.Dan and John

D.The whole family小题2:The underlined part "grow six inches"  (Para. 4) implies the brothers felt ______.

A.proud

B.nervous

C.worried

D.scared小题3:What happened after the brothers moved the Christmas tree into the living room?

A. They rushed into school.        

B They began to decorate the tree.

C. They got angry with each other   

D. They found the tree was cut short

小题4:What the writer's husband said in the end showed________.

A.he expected too much of the brothers_

B.he should not have given the brothers the task to trim the Christmas

C.he was too stupid to think of such an idea_

D.he really appreciated what the brothers had done.

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