问题 实验题

化合物KxFe(C2O4)y·3H2O(Fe为+3价)是一种光敏材料,实验室可以用如下的方法来制备这种材料并测定这种材料的组成。

Ⅰ.制备

K2C2O4

FeCl3

⑴结晶时应将溶液用冰水冷却并在黑暗处等待晶体的析出,这样操作的原因是:_________________

_______________________________________________。

⑵操作Ⅲ的名称是___________。

Ⅱ.组成测定

称取一定质量的晶体置于锥形瓶中,加入足量的蒸馏水和稀H2SO4,将C2O42转化为H2C2O4后用0.1000 mol·L-1KMnO4溶液滴定,当消耗KMnO4溶液24.00mL时恰好完全反应;再向溶液中加入适量的还原剂,恰好将Fe3完全转化为Fe2,用KMnO4溶液继续滴定,当Fe2完全氧化时,用去KMnO4溶液4.00mL。相关反应的化学方程式如下:

2 KMnO4+5H2C2O4+3H2SO4=2MnSO4+K2SO4+10CO2↑+8H2O

MnO4+5Fe2+8H=Mn2+5Fe3+4H2O

⑶配制100mL 0.1000 mol·L-1KMnO4溶液及滴定实验中所需的玻璃仪器除烧杯、玻璃棒、胶头滴管、量筒、锥形瓶外还有_______________________________(填仪器名称)。两个滴定中,终点时溶液颜色为________色,且30 秒内不变色。

⑷该化合物KxFe(C2O4)y·3H2O中,x=_______。

答案

⑴用冰水冷却有利于析出更多的晶体,黑暗可以防止晶体分解

⑵过滤、洗涤

⑶100mL容量瓶、酸式滴定管 (紫)红

⑷ 3

本题涉及的制备是我们不熟悉的物质的制备,因此关于制备细节的考察,要么可以由我们以前的知识迁移而来,要么在题干中有所提示。

(1)故“冰水冷却”这句话很容易使我们想到是为了抑制溶解平衡,析出更多的晶体(这是知识的迁移);而“在黑暗处等待晶体析出”则和题干中的“光敏材料”对应,当推知黑暗是为了防止晶体见光分解。

(2)这是原有知识在新情境下的应用,考虑到前一步是结晶,结晶后自然要将晶体与母液分离、所以需要“过滤”, 如果再加上“洗涤”就更加严密。

(3)仍然是原有知识在具体新情境下的应用,题目中明确说道包含物质的量溶液配制和滴定实验,所以需要容量瓶和滴定管。关键是要准确写出“100mL容量瓶”,而KMnO4溶液有强氧化性,需用酸式滴定管盛放。关于终点颜色的判断,需要同学准确理解该滴定实验的原理,该实验是氧化还原滴定,终点时KMnO4溶液恰好过量一滴,故溶液会显紫红色。

(4)由题意求得:n(Fe3+)=0.001mol,n(C2O42-)=0.003mol,代入化学式,可求得x=3。

阅读理解
阅读理解。

      Music is an art that almost everyone enjoys. Everyone can make sounds by singing. All over the world,
many kinds of music developed as people found out how to make sounds in different ways. There are so
many kinds of music to hear that you can soon find a kind that you like. People can get all kinds of feelings
by hearing music. Music can make you march or dance, and it can make you feel happy or sad. 
      More than other arts, music can affect you feelings. This is why music is so popular.
      Every country has its own kind of music and many people like music. But there are also people who
enjoy classical music and pop music. With the help of the recorders and radios, the music is spread all over
 the world, However, there are still great differences between the music of the west and that of the east.
Many of the instruments are very different.

阅读短文,完成表格。
The reason that you
can find your favorite
music
1.                                                             
The role (作用) of
music

2.                                                             

3.                                                             
Spreading ways
4.                                                             
The reason of
population

5.                                                             
单项选择题