问题 阅读理解

阅读理解。

     The iPhone, the iPad, each of Apple's products sounds cool and has become a fad (一时的风尚).

Apple has cleverly taken advantage of the power of the letter "i" - and many other brands are following

suit. The BBC's iPlayer - which allows Web users to watch TV programs on the Internet -adopted the

title in 2008. A lovely bear - popular in the US and UK - that plays music and video is called "iTeddy".

A slimmed-down version of London's Independent newspaper was launched last week under the name

"i".

      In general, single-letter prefixes (前缀) have been popular since the 1990s, when terms such as

e-mail and e-commerce first came into use.

      Most "i" products are targeted at young people and considering the major readers of Independent's

"i", it's no surprise that they've selected this fashionable name.

     But it's hard to see what's so special about the letter "i". Why not use "a", "b", or "c" instead?

According to Tony Thorne, head of the Language Center at King's College, London, "i" works because

its meaning has become ambiguous. When Apple uses "i", no one knows whether it means Internet,

information, individual or interactive, Thorne told BBC Magazines. "Even when Apple created the iPod,

it seems it didn't have one clear definition," he says.

     "However, thanks to Apple, the term is now associated with portability (轻便) ."adds Thorne.

     Clearly the letter "i" also agrees with the idea that the Western World is centered on the individual.

Each person believes they have their own needs, and we love personalized products for this reason.

     Along with "Google" and "blog", readers of BBC Magazines voted "i" as one of the top 20 words

that have come to define the last decade.

     But as history shows, people grow tired of fads. From the 1900s to 1990s, products with "2000" in

their names became fashionable as the year was associated with all things advanced and modern.

However, as we entered the new century, the trend inevitably disappeared.

1. People use iPlayer to __________.

A. listen to music      

B. make a call

C. watch TV programs online      

D. read newspapers

2. We can infer that the Independent's "i" is aimed at __________.

A. young readers

B. old readers

C. fashionable women

D. engineers

3. The underlined word "ambiguous" means "__________".

A. popular    

B. uncertain    

C. definite    

D. unique

4. Nowadays, the "i" term often reminds people of the products which are __________.

A. portable

B. environmentally friendly    

C. advanced    

D. recyclable

5. The writer suggests that __________.

A. "i" products are often of high quality

B. iTeddy is alive bear

C. the letter "b" replaces letter "i" to name the products

D. the popularity of "i" products may not last long

答案

1-5: CABAD

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成小题。

重返报界显雄风

1895年创刊的《万国公报》,是中国近代的第一份报纸,由康有为出资创办,梁启超、麦孟华负责编辑。百日维新失败后,梁启超逃往日本,开始了他新的办报历程。

《清议报》于1898年12月23日,由梁启超创办于日本横滨。梁启超以介绍民主自由、传播西方先进文化,而成为中国报界的先锋。《清议报》将“倡民权”、“衍哲理”、“明朝局”作为新的办报特色,以吸收西方文化精华、传播中华固有之文明、启迪人民心智为己任。梁启超规定该报以维持中国之清议、激发国民之正气、增长中国人的学识、发明东亚学术为宗旨,“陈宇内之大势,唤东方之顽梦”,此时的《清议报》成了刺向清王朝封建专制统治的尖刀利刃。

1901年12月21日,《清议报》第100号发行,梁启超等在报馆举行了百号纪念仪式,这对于当时的中国社会简直是一种怪闻。当时的中国以保守闻于天下,向来无所谓祝典,使得“前无古人”的功绩流离于历史之外,有赞叹而无继述,有率循而无扩充,有考据而无纪念。三年来,《清议报》经历了无数的风雨,1899年的火灾,1900年的低迷,还有清政府时时刻刻的压制。可以说,《清议报》在坎坷中一路蹒跚走到今天,浸满了梁启超和报社同仁的汗水和心血。在百号发行的日子里,梁启超将这一切记录在中国救亡史的一页里,开创了报界的又一先河。

这时的中国国内刚刚经历了战火,义和团运动失败、八国联军攻入北京、慈禧太后逃亡,千年古城被清洗一空,遭受了前所未有的浩劫。8月,与列强签订和约,中国完全沦为了半封建半殖民主义社会。社会上要求变法自强的呼声越来越高,清廷为了敷衍外界,数下维新上谕,屡次接见外宾,维新的空气表面上日益蓬勃起来。这时,文化思想界也掀起了改革风潮,以适应运动发展的需要。梁启超也在这一时期创办广智书局,约请中国留学生翻译大量西方文献资料出版,供中国学者研究使用。

《清议报》被迫停刊。但由于学术界掀起了维新热潮,梁启超为了指导运动的发展,又竭尽全力创办《新民丛报》,使其成为学术界的一面新旗帜。1902年2月8日,《新民丛报》在日本横滨创刊,每月1日、15日发行,社址在横滨山下町152番,所需款项均借自广智书局。

当时中国的绝大多数报社无非是上书改革言论,翻译西文书籍,并且记事繁琐,编辑混杂无绪,管理混乱,犹如一乳牙幼儿四处涂鸦。鉴于此梁启超将《新民丛报》作为引导报界新气象的武器。形式上,《新民丛报》采用西式装订法,一改中国古老的线装书式,封面为套色的中国地图。以崭新的面貌问世。内容上,以教育为主导,以政论为辅从,在介绍新知识、新思想的同时,注重向国人描绘新中国、新世界的蓝图,激发广大民众潜在的爱国主义情感。可以说无论从形式上还是内容上,《新民丛报》都是新的。梁启超在上面发表的名篇《新民说》成为中国思想启蒙运动的宣言书,长久地影响当时的中国社会。

梁启超为了宣传西学,大量购买哲学、社会科学著作,使其成为中国思想启蒙的指导。他认为,“有新学术,然后有新道德,新政治,新技艺,新器物,有此数者,然后有新中国,新世界”。 大量西方著作的引进使得孟德斯鸠、卢梭、伯伦知理、边沁等西方学术巨人踏进了中国,成为中国思想、学术界的启蒙火种。梁启超以法国伏尔泰、俄国托尔斯泰、日本的福泽谕吉为榜样,如饥似渴地阅读移植西方学术理论,以服务于自己的祖国。

《新民丛报》的发展突飞猛进,很快轰动于海内外。梁启超顿时忙碌起来,为了更好地投入到报社工作,梁启超每日奋笔疾书,时常每天写字五千余,甚至连自己三十岁生日也在前往东海道的汽车上度过。梁启超文思泉涌,感情激荡,《新民说》、《新史学》等作品陆续面世,掀起了一阵又一阵惊心动魄的文界“飓风”。 《新民丛报》出版后立即引起抢购热潮,发行万余份,还完全不能满足需求,社会上翻印成风,“清廷虽严禁不能遏”。

《新民丛报》影响着整个中国社会,而作为它的实际领导人的梁启超也成为了公认的“执中国舆论界之牛耳者”,这对于一个常年客居海外的人来说,不可不为一个奇迹。

(选自袁咏红《梁启超图传》)

小题1:广智书局是在怎样的背景下创办起来的?请简要概括。(4分)

小题2:文中画线的句子有什么作用?以“一乳牙幼儿四处涂鸦”为喻有什么好处?请简要分析。(5分)

小题3:为什么梁启超能够在当时的中国舆论界居领导地位?请结合文本,谈谈你的看法。(6分)

单项选择题