问题 选择题

新华社消息,我国平均每年有20个天然湖泊消亡。统计表明,湖北省五十年代共有湖泊1052个,有“千湖之省”的美誉,而目前只剩下83个。昔日“八百里洞庭湖”水面缩小四成,由我国第一大淡水湖退居成第二。阅读上述文字,完成第问题。

小题1:使“八百里洞庭湖”退居成我国第二大淡水湖的主要原因是

①围湖造田  ②水土流失严重  ③蒸发和下渗  ④引水灌溉

A.①②

B.②③

C.③④

D.①④小题2:湖泊环境恶化后,造成“水灾频发”的原因是

A.湖泊水对河水的补给量减少

B.湖泊的调蓄功能降低

C.水土流失加剧

D.水资源减少小题3:洞庭湖湿地的重要价值不包括

A.调蓄洪水

B.航运

C.发电

D.旅游观光小题4:20世纪末以来,国家采取哪些措施整治洞庭湖问题并使其面积“变大”

①退耕还林 ②建设“三北”防护林体系工程 ③跨流域调水 ④退田还湖

A.①②   

B.②③

C.③④

D.①④

答案

小题1:A

小题2:B

小题3:C

小题4:D

题目分析:

小题1:因人口的增加,人们围湖造田,使洞庭湖的面积减小;又因人们毁林开荒,水土流失加剧,泥沙淤积洞庭湖,使其面积减小。故选A。

小题2:湖的面积减小,蓄水能力下降,使其调蓄功能降低,所以使水灾频发。故选B。

小题3:洞庭湖可以调蓄洪水,利于航运,还可作为旅游资源,进行旅游观光,但是它地势低平,水力条件差,不能用来发电。故选C。

小题4:因洞庭湖面积减小的原因是毁林开荒使水土流失加剧和围湖造田,所以使其面积“变大”的措施是退耕还林和退田还湖。故选D。

点评:本组试题考查洞庭湖面积减小的原因,危害及治理措施,试题难度中等,解题关键是掌握洞庭湖的作用及面积减小的原因,然后结合原因分析治理措施。

填空题
完形填空
完形填空。
     I still remember the days when I was a youthful student in an engineering school. I lived a    1   life,
without caring about the future. I smoked, drank with friends and made girl friends.    2   did I realize that
casualness would certainly lead to loss.
     Two years had passed and I was   3    at a report card that highlighted FAIL in more than half the
subjects. I didn't   4  , at least not till my dad found out about it. You see, I studied in India and   5  the
United States where the students are expected to finance their own education, my dad financed me.
     Then came the day when my dad found out my   6   of smoking. He lost his temper   7   he just told me,
"Son, your   8   is cut in half from this moment on". It   9   me like a roundhouse kick (回旋踢) from Bruce
Lee. I was jolted (震摇) out of my bones! I couldn't comprehend how to pay off the debts that I had  10  in
college. I owed everybody  11 : the grocery store, the bars, the restaurants, my friends, etc. I was living a
life filled with   12  . When I went back to college, I knew that if I didn't   13  the way I lived my life I
wouldn't be able to pay everybody off. So I decided to make some changes. I quit smoking,   14   from my
friends who led me down the wrong road, starting   15  out in libraries and reading my engineering books.
     One year later, I went from a  16   failure to a magna cum laude (优等成绩). Life was never the same
again. This incident made me know that anything is   17   if you take action and do something about it,   18  
 small or large. Even today it still   19  me when I feel that I'm about to lose or give up. It  20  me that I can
do it!
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