问题 选择题

下列叙述正确的是

A.温度升高时,物体内每个分子的热运动速度都增大

B.布朗运动是液体分子对悬浮固体颗粒的碰撞作用不平衡造成的

C.外界对气体做正功,气体的内能一定增加

D.自然界中进行的涉及热现象的宏观过程都具有方向性E.气体压强本质上就是大量气体分子作用在器壁单位面积上的平均作用力

答案

BDE

题目分析:温度是分子平均动能的标志,是大量分子的统计规律;当温度升高时,分子的平均动能增大,并不是每个分子的动能都增大,故A错误;布朗运动反映的是液体分子的永不停息的无规则运动,并不是组成固体小颗粒的分子的无规则运动,形成的原因是由于液体分子对悬浮微粒无规则撞击引起的,撞作用是不平衡造成的,故B正确;外界对气体做正功,如果同时放热,气体的内能一定减小,故C错误;根据热力学定律,自然界中进行的涉及热现象的宏观过程都具有方向性,故D正确;根据分子动理论,气体压强本质上就是大量气体分子作用在器壁单位面积上的平均作用力,故E正确。

单项选择题

Before the printing press, books could be purchased only in expensive manuscript copies. The printing press produced books that were significantly leas expensive than the manuscript editions. The public’s demand for printed books in the first years after the invention of the printing press was many times greater than demand had been for manuscript copies. This increase demonstrates that there was a dramatic jump in the number of people who learned how to read in the years after publishers first started producing books on the printing press.
Which one of the following statements, if true, casts doubt on the argument

A.During the first years after the invention of the printing press, letter writing by people who wrote without the assistance of scribes or clerks exhibited a dramatic increase.

B.Books produced on the printing press are often found with written comments in the margins in the handwriting of the people who owned the books.

C.In the first years after the printing press was invented, printed books were purchased primarily by people who had always bought and read expensive manuscripts but could afford a greater number of printed books for the same money.

D.Books that were printed on the printing press in the first years after its invention often circulated among friends in informal reading clubs or libraries.

E.(E) The first printed books published after the invention of the printing press would have been useless to illiterate people, since the books had virtually no illustrations.

单项选择题