问题 填空题

Today, we’ll talk about what other effects watching TV might produce on children. Children should be (1) a lot of television, many experts and parents agree, but there is at least one circumstance when it might be beneficial: (2) . A recent study conducted by Italian researchers found that children (3) immediately preceding and during blood tests experienced less pain than children whose mothers (4) during the procedure, or children whose mothers were present but (5) .
The research, led by Carlo Brown, MD, at the University of Siena, is published in the Archives of Disease in Childhood. (6) the study. None received any type of anesthesia; the children and their mothers (7) . Both the group whose mothers attempted to distract them from the blood tests and those whose mothers simply observed reported (8) than the group who watched cartoons. For that group, the levels of pain were less and the children were better able to (9) .
One of the possible explanations is that children might have (10) during the procedures, exacerbating their perception of pain. "The higher pain level reported by children during (11) shows the difficulty mothers have in interacting positively (12) in their children’s life," the authors write.
However, they stressed that (13) still provided benefits, noting that the children would (14) during the procedures. "Indeed, children state that having their parent present (15) when in pain," say the authors.
Another possibility offered for consideration is the notion that the (16) might release pain-quelling endorphins. Endorphins, (17) produced by the pituitary gland, resemble opiates in their ability to produce analgesia and a sense of well-being. In other words, they might (18) .
In any case, the study results suggest that health workers should (19) to watch television during painful procedures (20) .

答案

参考答案:to minimize their distress

阅读理解

Fat and shy, Ben Saunders was the last kid in his class picked for any sports team. “Football, tennis, cricket--- anything with a round ball, I was useless,” he says now with a laugh. But back then he was the one always made fun of in school gym classes in Devonshire, England.

It was a mountain bike he received for his 15th  birthday that changed him. At first he went biking alone in a nearby forest. Then he began to ride the bike along with a runner friend. Gradually, Saunders set up his mind on building up his body, increasing his speed and strength. At the age of 18, he ran his first marathon.

The following year he met John Ridgway and was hired as an instructor at Ridgway’s school of adventure in Scotland, where he learnt about Ridgway’s cold-water exploits. Greatly interested, Saunders read all he could about North Pole explorers and adventures, then decided that this would be his future.

In 2001, after becoming a skillful skier, Saunders started his first long-distance expedition(探险) towards the North Pole. It took unbelievable energy. He suffered frostbite(冻疮), ran into a polar bear and pushed his body to the limit, pulling his supply-loaded sled(雪橇) up and over rocky ice.

Saunders has since become the youngest person to ski alone to the North Pole, and he’s skied more of the North Pole by himself than any other British man. His old playmates would not believe the change.

Next October, Saunders, 27, heads south from the coast of Antarctica to the South Pole and back, a 2900-kilometer journey that has never been completed on skis.

小题1:What change happened to Saunders after he was 15 years old?

A.He became good at most sports.

B.He made friends with a runner.

C.He joined a sports team.

D.He began to build up his body.小题2:The underlined word “exploits” (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to ______.

A.journeys

B.adventures

C.researches

D.operations小题3:Which of the following is the correct order of the events that happened to Saunders?

a. He ran his first marathon.       b. He skied alone in the North Pole.

c. He rode his bike in a forest.      d. He planned an adventure to the South Pole.

A.a c d b

B.c d a b

C.c a b d

D.a c b d小题4: What does the story mainly tell us abut Saunders?

A.He is a success in sports.

B.He is the best British skier.

C.He is Ridgway’s best student. `

D.He is a good instructor at school.

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