问题 单项选择题

下列选项中,关于项目生命周期划分特点错误说法的是( )。

A.各项目阶段按照首尾衔接,以明确定义的可交付成果为各阶段完成标志
B.项目资源投入在项目开始时较低,此后逐渐提高,进入项目后期接近结束时又迅速下降
C.随着项目推进,项目面临的风险和不确定性逐渐降低,外界因素对项目的影响程度也逐渐减弱
D.项目管理是将知识、技能、工具与技术应用到项目各项活动中,以实现或超过项目利益相关方的要求和期望

答案

参考答案:D

解析: D选项是项目管理的内涵。项目生命周期划分的特点只有ABC三个选项。

单项选择题
问答题

Children in any society are expected to learn to conform to a number of social rules and expectations if they are to become participants in the culture. (46)Among the rules that children in our society are expected to learn are that certain classes of adults (such as teachers and doctors) are addressed by titles, that males and females use separate restroom facilities, and that women but not men wear dresses. These are examples of social conventions. In the absence of such a shared norm, the acts are neither right nor wrong. For this reason, conventions may be said to be arbitrary. For example, (47)we could just as easily have students address teachers by first names as have them call teachers by their last names and formal titles of Mr. or Ms.
Conventions, however, serve an important function by providing predictability and order to social life. (48)Without social conventions it would be impossible to organize social institutions such as schools, and societies as organized systems could not exist. The arbitrariness of conventions makes their importance difficult for children to figure out. (49) It is not until some time in adolescence that children come to fully understand the function that these arbitrary conventions serve to provide predictability and order to our social interactions.
In contrast with issues of convention are matters of morality. Morality refers to issues of human welfare, justice, and rights that are a function of the inherent features of interpersonal relations. Because of this, the right and wrong of moral actions are not simply determined by social consensus or the views of authority. For example, it is not possible to hit another person with force and not hurt the other person. Similarly, it is not possible to steal something valuable from someone else and not cause the person to experience the sense of loss. A moral judgment about unprovoked harm ( "It is wrong to hit") would not be dependent on the existence of a socially agreed upon rule or standard but could be generated solely from the intrinsic effects of the act (i.e., hitting hurts). (50)Similar analyses could be done regarding a broader range of issues that would extend beyond direct harm to concerns for what it means to be just, compassionate, and considerate of the rights of others.