问题 问答题

作为免疫学方面的选择,移植前应做哪些检查

答案

参考答案:移植前应做以下免疫学检查:(1)血型:同种异体间的移植必须血型相同,或至少要符合输血原则。(2)淋巴细胞毒交叉配合试验:一般说来,如肾移植,淋巴毒细胞毒交叉配合试验必须小于10%或阴性,才能施行。(3)HIA配型:需测定供者与受者HLA6个位点的相容程度。实际上,器官移植的配型主要涉及HLA-A、HLA-B和HLA-DR 3个位点,其他抗原配型的相容程度对移植器官的存活并无重要意义。(4)混合淋巴细胞培养:是将供者与受者的淋巴细胞放在一起培养,观察其转化率。淋巴细胞转化率如超过20%~30%,说明供、受者的淋巴抗原不同,应放弃该项移植。

阅读理解

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Ali is from a Middle Eastern country. He now stays in the USA. He smokes a lot of cigarettes every day. He has smoked for nine years. Ali says, “I tried to quit smoking in my hometown, but it was impossible. My parents smoke. My brothers smoke. All my friends smoke. At parties and at meetings, almost all the men smoke. Here in the United States, not as many people smoke.小题1:    

Many smokers are like Ali: they want to stop smoking.     小题2:      They know it can cause cancer and heart disease. But it is difficult for them to give up smoking because cigarettes have a drug in them. The drug is nicotine. People who smoke a lot need nicotine.

 小题3:    The nicotine makes him sick. In a few days, the smoker's body is used to the nicotine, and he feels fine. Later, the smoker needs nicotine to keep feeling fine. Without nicotine, he feels bad.

 小题4:     Many people who quit will soon smoke again. At a party or at work they will decide to smoke "just one" cigarette. Then they will smoke another cigarette, and another. Soon they become smokers again.  小题5:    

A.It is very hard to quit smoking.

B.It will be easier to change the smoking habit here.

C.Thus nicotine makes smokers addicted to cigarettes.

D.The smokers know that smoking is bad for their health.E. When a person first begins to smoke, he usually feels terrible.

F. Maybe there is only one easy way to quit smoking: never start.

G. But it is said that medicine is needed to stop them from smoking.

单项选择题