问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的古诗文,完成1~6题。        

(甲)酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠

刘禹锡

巴山楚水凄凉地,二十三年弃置身。

怀旧空吟闻笛赋,到乡翻似烂柯人。

沉舟侧畔千帆过,病树前头万木春。

今日听君歌一曲,暂凭杯酒长精神。

(乙)陋室铭

刘禹锡

  山不在高,有仙则名。水不在深,有龙则灵。斯是陋室,惟吾德馨。苔痕上阶绿,草色入帘青。谈笑有鸿儒,往来无白丁。可以调素琴,阅金经。无丝竹之乱耳,无案牍之劳形。南阳诸葛庐,西蜀子云亭。孔子云:“何陋之有?”

1.解释下列句中加粗的字。

(1)暂凭杯酒精神:_________________

(2)山不在高,有仙则:_________________

(3)谈笑有鸿儒:_________________

(4)可以素琴,阅金经:_________________ 

2.下列句子朗读节奏划分不正确的一项是( )

A.巴山/楚水/凄凉地     

B.二十三年/弃置身     

C.苔痕/上阶绿     

D.何/陋之有

3.翻译乙文中画线的句子。

(1)斯是陋室,惟吾德馨。

______________________________________

(2)无丝竹之乱耳,无案牍之劳形。

______________________________________  

4.下列说法有误的一项是( )

A.甲诗是应和之作,刘禹锡与李白在扬州相遇时,李白有赠诗在先,刘禹锡用此诗相酬答。

B.甲诗虽有沉郁感伤,但也并不消极颓唐,结尾明显表露了豁达的襟怀和昂扬的意趣。 C.乙文以“惟吾德馨”统领全篇,通过写陋室不陋表现了室主人的高洁傲岸和安贫乐道。 D.乙文手法 多样,运用了赋、比、兴的艺术手法和引用、比喻、排比、反问等修辞方法。 5.作者以“山”“水”为对象,写下了“山不在高,有仙则名。水不在深,有龙则灵”的名句,请你采用这样的句式,以“居室”为对象,仿写一个句子。(字数可以不受限制,但句意必须符合《陋室铭》的文意。)

_______________________________________________________ 

6.唐宋时期,不少文人遭遇政治纷争,沦为“贬官”,贬官特有的身份和经历使他们的作品带上了特殊的文学印记,这在柳宗元、苏轼等名家的诗文中都有迹可寻。刘禹锡写此诗此文时也是贬官,试从甲诗乙文和其他贬官诗文中探寻“贬官文学”的特点,得出一二结论。

_______________________________________________________ 

答案

1.(1)增长,振作。  

(2)出名,闻名。  

      (3)大。  

      (4)弹奏。

2.D

3.

(1)这是简陋的屋子,只是我的品德高尚(就不觉得简陋了)。  

(2)没有管弦之声扰乱两耳,没有官府的公文劳累身心。

4.A

5.例句一:居室不在宽敞华美,有君子居之则高雅别致。

      例句二:居室不在高大宏  伟,有高尚之士居住则不会简陋。

6.要点:内容上,喜欢抒发政治牢骚,叙写清冷生活,表达苦闷情绪;形式上,喜欢用曲笔(含蓄委婉的写作方式方法)叙事写景抒情。

单项选择题
阅读理解

A new research has uncovered that culture is a determining factor when people interpret facial emotions (情感).The study reveals that in cultures where emotional control is the standard,such as Japan,the focus is placed on the eyes to interpret emotions. Whereas in cultures where emotion is openly expressed,such as the United States,the focus is on the mouth to interpret emotions.

“These findings go against the popular theory that the facial expressions of basic emotions can be universally recognized,” said University of Alberta researcher Dr.Takahiko Masuda.” A person’s culture plays a very strong role in determining how he will read emotions and needs to be considered when interpreting the facial expressions.”

These cultural differences are even noticeable in computer emoticons(情感符号),which are used to convey a writer’s emotions by email and text message. The Japanese emotions for happiness and sadness vary in terms of how the eyes are drawn ,while the American emotions vary with the direction of the mouth. In the United States the emoticons∶)and∶­) show a happy face,whereas the emoticons∶(and∶­(show a sad face. However,the Japanese tend to use the symbol (‘­‘) to indicate a happy face,and (;­;) to indicate a sad face.

“We think it is quite interesting and appropriate that culture tends to mask its emotions. The Japanese would focus on a person’s eyes when detecting his or her emotions,as eyes tend to be quite subtle(微妙的),”said Masuda. “In the United States,where an open emotion is quite common,it makes sense to focus on the mouth,which is the most expressive feature on a person’s face.”

小题1:The text mainly tells us that ________.

A.cultural differences are expressed in emotions

B.culture is a key to interpreting facial emotions

C.different emoticons are preferred in different cultures

D.people from different cultures express emotions differently小题2:Which emoticon is used by Americans to show a happy face?

A.(;­;)

B.∶­)

C.∶­(

D.∶(小题3:If a Japanese wants to detect whether a smile is true or false,he will probably________.

A.read the whole face

B.focus on the mouth

C.look into the eyes

D.judge by the voice小题4:The computer emoticons used by Americans show that________.

A.they express their feelings openly

B.they tend to control their emotions

C.they are good at conveying their emotions

D.they use simpler emotions to show their feelings