问题 选择题

水土流失是形成黄土高原千沟万壑自然景观的主要原因,每年流失的土壤约16亿吨,据此回答题:

小题1:黄土高原水土流失严重,主要人为原因是 (   )

A.长期以来的毁林开荒

B.过度放牧和过度使用地下水

C.土壤疏松,降水变率大

D.干旱和大风现象小题2:黄土高原地区可持续发展的基础是 (   )

A.经济可持续发展 

B.社会经济持续发展

C.生态可持续发展 

D.减少污水排放量

答案

小题1:A

小题2:C

题目分析:

小题1:植被的破坏和不合理的耕作制度是黄土高原水土流失严重的人为原因。

小题2:本题考查可持续发展的内涵。可持续发展的内涵是生态持续发展(基础)、经济持续发展(条件)、社会持续发展(目的),它们之间相互联系、相互制约、共同组成一个系统。黄土高原地区可持续发展的基础是生态可持续发展。

点评:本题难度较小,解答本题还需学生掌握黄土高原水土流失的原因:⑴自然因素。主要有地形、降雨、土壤(地面物质组成)、植被四个方面。 ①地形。地面坡度越陡,地表径流的流速越快,对土壤的冲刷侵蚀力就越强。坡面越长,汇集地表径流量越多,冲刷力也越强。 ②降雨。产生水土流失的降雨,一般是强度较大的暴雨,降雨强度超过土壤入渗强度才会产生地表(超渗)径流,造成对地表的冲刷侵蚀。 ③地面物质组成。 ④植被。达到一定郁闭度的林草植被有保护土壤不被侵蚀的作用。郁闭度越高,保持水土的越强。 ⑵人为因素。人类对土地不合理的利用、破坏了地面植被和稳定的地形,以致造成严重的水土流失。

问答题 简答题
阅读理解

第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)

阅读下列短文,从每题材所给的四个选项A、B、C、D、中,选出最佳选项

A few weeks after Hurricane Katrina hit the Gulf coast, the Texas school where I teach collected furniture and other household items for a family from Louisiana that had lost everything. I thought of how sad it would be to lose all of the things that held so many priceless memories. Nothing could ever really replace a memory. I prayed I would be able to help the family in some ways , and at least give them practical things they could use.

I had a couple of old chairs in the house, and went into the spare bedroom to dig them out. Then I saw the wooden rocking chair(摇椅) in the corner. Deep brown , with a unique pattern of fruits and leaves edged in gold on the back. I’d never seen another like it. I used to rock my son to sleep in it when he was a baby. Talking about memories, I could never bear to part with that rocker.  http://wx.jtyjy.com/

But a feeling suddenly swept over me. Give it away. “Do you really want to do this?” my husband asked. I said firmly, “Yes!” He helped me load the rocking chair into my car. “Doesn’t it hold sentimental(情感的)value for you?” I couldn’t explain it. I took the rocker to the school the next day. The woman in charge of the donations(捐赠品)for the Louisiana family loaded it into the back of her truck.

The very next day at school, the woman in charge came rushing into my classroom. “Angie, I have to tell you a story about that rocking chair!” she said.

The family was grateful for every single item we’d donated, they told her. Then they saw the rocker. Everyone stopped and stared. Then the granddaughter cried out, “Grandma, look! It’s your rocking chair!”  http://wx.jtyjy.com/

My rocking chair was exactly like the one they had lost in the hurricane, the one that held their sweetest memories.

56. Why did the author feel sympathy for the family that had lost everything?

A. They met Hurricane Katrina.

B. They had no furniture and other items to use.

C. They lost the things holding memories.

D. They had to rebuild their house.

57. When thinking of having used the rocking chair the author     .

A. decided to give it away                          B. asked her husband for advice

C. liked it more than before                        D. hated to part with it

58. We can infer from the passage that the author’s husband      .

A. didn’t support the author’s social work    B. didn’t agree to donate the chair

C. thought the rocking chair valuable          D. could understand what she thought then

59. What’s the best title for this passage?

A. A good deed for a homeless family                B. Comfort a family with a gift of memories

C. A piece of furniture donated to a family          D. We all need the rocking chair