问题 实验题

(11分)某校化学实验兴趣小组欲采用如图所示的实验装置制备Cl2,同时进行与氯气有关的某些实验,按要求回答问题。

(1)A是浓盐酸,B为二氧化锰,将A滴入B中时发生反应的离子方程式为______________________________________________;

(2)甲同学用含有0.2molHCl的浓盐酸与足量的MnO2反应制Cl2,结果制得的Cl2体积(标准状况下)小于1.12L,这是由于反应过程中盐酸浓度变小造成的。请列举导致盐酸浓度变小的原因:___________________________________________________。

(3)在实验室中,乙同学欲用下图中的装置净化氯气,则瓶①②中应盛放的试剂分别是①_________________________,②_________________________(填试剂名称)。

(4)丙同学将纯净的Cl2通入一定量石灰乳中来制取漂白粉,若通入224mL(标准状况下)Cl2完全反应,则反应过程中转移电子的物质的量为____________________。

答案

(1)MnO2+4H++2Cl-Mn2++Cl2↑+2H2O(2分)

(2)①氯化氢挥发②反应生成水③反应消耗HCl(每项1分,共3分)

(3)饱和食盐或水、浓硫酸(每空2分,共4分)

(4)0.01mol(2分)

单项选择题
阅读理解

Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self- respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized(归类) as "honor" help you create this life of good feelings.

Here's an example to show how honorable actions create happiness.

Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and benefit from the clerk's mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky(鬼祟的) excitement. Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.

Then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness?

In the first case, where we don't tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also show that we cannot be trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk's attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased.Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility.

There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And it's easy to think and act honorably again when we're happy. While the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once it's started, it's easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.

79.The author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to___.

A.lying    

B.stealing    

C.cheating    

D.advertising

80.The phrase "bringing the error to the clerk's attention" (in para. 5) means___.

A.telling the truth to the clerk

B.offering advice to the clerk

C.asking the clerk to be more attentive

D.reminding the clerk of the charged item

81.How will we feel if we let the clerk know her mistake?

A.We'll be very excited.

B.We'll feel unfortunate.

C.We'll have a sense of honor.

D.We'll feel sorry for the clerk.

82 .Which of the following can be the best title of this passage.

A.How to Live Truthfully

B.Importance of Peacefulness

C.Ways of Gaining Self-respect

D.Happiness through Honorable Actions