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上胡不法先王之法非不贤也,为其不可得而法。先王之法,经乎上世而来者也,人或益之,人或损之,胡可得而法虽人弗损益,犹若不可得而法。
凡先王之法,有要于时也。时不与法俱在,法虽今而在,犹若不可法。故择先王之成法,而法其所以为法。先王之所以为法者,何也先王之所以为法者,人也,而己亦人也。故察己则可以知人,察今则可以知古。古今一也,人与我同耳。有道之士,贵以近知远,以今知古.以所见知所不见。故审堂下之阴,而知日月之行,阴阳之变;见瓶水之冰,而知天下之寒,鱼鳖之藏也。尝一脔肉,而知一镬之味,一鼎之调。
荆人欲袭宋,使人先表滩水。漳水暴益,荆人弗知,循表而夜涉,溺死者千有余人。军惊而坏都舍。向其先表之时可导也,今水已变而益多矣,荆人尚犹循表而导之,此其所以败也。今世之主法先王之法也,有似于此。其时已与先王之法亏矣,而曰此先王之法也,而法之。以此为治,岂不悲哉!
故治国无法则乱,守法而弗变则悖,悖乱不可以持国。世易时移,变法宜矣。譬之若良医,病万变,药亦万变。病变而药不变,向之寿民,今为殇子矣。故凡举事必循法以动,变法者囚时而化……是故有天下七十一圣,其法皆不同;非务相反也,时势异也。故曰:良剑期乎断,不期乎镆铘;良马期乎千里,不期乎骥骜。夫成功名者,此先王之千里也。
楚人有涉江者,其剑自舟中坠于水,遽契其舟,曰:“是吾剑之所从坠。”舟止,从其所契者入水求之。舟已行矣,而剑不行,求剑若此,不亦惑乎以此故法为其国与此同。时已徙矣,而法不徙。以此为治,岂不难哉!
有过于江上者,见人方引婴儿而欲投之江中。婴儿啼。人问其故。曰:“此其父善游。”其父虽善游,其子岂遽善游哉以此任物,亦必悖矣。荆国之为政,有似于此。
(《吕氏春秋·察今》)

用白话文写出画线句子的意思。

答案

参考答案:好剑只要求它能斩断东西,不要求它一定是镆铘;好马只要求它一天能跑千里,不要求它一定是骥骛。完成功名,这才是古代帝王追求的目标啊。

问答题
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     Beijing, June 10 (Xinhua) --- Torrential (倾泻的) rains that troubled southern China for days have

killed 66 people and resulted in 12 missing by 6:00 p.m. (Beijing time) on Sunday, according to the

Ministry of Civil Affairs. “Floods caused by heavy rains have affected about 294,800 hectares of crops,

completely destroying 53,000 hectares of them,” said an official with the ministry. The floods have torn

down 48,000 and damaged 94,000 houses in southern China, and forced about 591,000 people to move

from their homes, the official said.

      From Wednesday to Saturday, continuous torrential rains, mudslides and floods hit Hunan,

Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Jiangxi and Fujian, affecting more than 8.97 million people. The disasters

have caused an overall economic loss of more than 2.9 billion yuan, according to the ministry. The ministry has sent rescue teams to the disaster areas to assist relief work. In Guangdong, heavy rains have killed 18 people and left four missing by 3:00 p.m. on Sunday, according to local authorities. A total of 1.72 million people were affected in the province.

      Floods have damaged 49 roads in the seriously affected Meizhou City, of which 29 remained closed to traffic by 7:00 p.m. The number of people who died in floods in Guangxi has reached 13 and one remained missing by Sunday, according to local civil affairs authority. More than 1.97 million people have been

affected after the floods caused by continuous heavy rains hit some 40 counties since Wednesday.

      According to the local civil affairs bureau, 9,200 houses were knocked down and 75,181 hectares of crops were affected, resulting in 529 million yuan in direct economic losses. There are fewer rainstorms

and the rain belt is moving out of Guangxi, but the water levels in major rivers will keep rising in next few

days, according to the latest forecast of the region’s meteorological bureau on Sunday afternoon.

1. The underlined phrase “torn down” (para. 1) is closest in meaning to __________.

A. knocked down

B. placed down

C. set down

D. torn open

2. In Meizhou city, 49 roads were damaged and by 7:00 p.m. only __________ roads can be used again after the repair work.

A. 66.

B. 29.

C. 20.

D. 19

3. Which of the following statements is true according to the news?

A. Hubei is one of the provinces struck by the torrential rains.

B. The floods have caused a total loss of nearly 3 billion yuan.

C. 13 people died in Guangdong province as a result of the floods.

D. The rain belt will remain in Guangxi in the next few days.

4. What’s the best title for this news story?

A. A Disaster.      

B. Heavy rains.

C. A Flood.

D. Heavy rains in Southern China.

5. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. The rainstorms are becoming stronger.

B. The water levels in major rivers are to go down soon.

C. The rainstorms are becoming less powerful.

D. In the next few days, rainstorms will stay in Guangxi.