问题 阅读理解

Special Bridges Help Animals Cross the Road

-- Reported by Sheila Carrick

Why did the chicken cross the road? To get to the other side.

Most people know this joke. But recently, some people have been much more concerned with how the grizzly bear and mountain lion can cross the road.

Millions of animals die each year on U.S. roads, the Federal Highway Administration reports. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today. The main reason? Roadkill.

"Ecopassages" may help animals cross the road without being hit by cars. They are paths both over and under roads. "These ecopassages can be extremely useful, so that wildlife can avoid human conflicts," said Jodi Hilty of the Wildlife Conservation Society.

But do animals actually use the ecopassages? The answer is yes. Paul Beier of Northern Arizona University found foot marks left by mountain lions on an ecopassage that went under a highway. This showed that the lion used the passage.

Builders of some ecopassages try to make them look like a natural part of an area by planting trees on and around them. Animals seem to be catching on. Animals as different as salamanders and grizzly bears are using the bridges and underpasses.

The next time you visit a park or drive through an area with a lot of wildlife, look around. You might see an animal overpass!

小题1:The writer uses the example of “ocelots” to show that_________.

A.wild animals have become more dangerous

B.the driving conditions have improved greatly

C.the measure for protecting wildlife fails to work

D.an increasing number of animals are killed in road accidents小题2:From the news story, we know an ecopassage is_________.

A.an underground path for cars

B.a fence built for the safety of the area

C.a bridge for animals to get over a river

D.a pass for animals to cross the road小题3:When the writer says that animals seem “to be catching on”, he means_________.

A.animals begin to realize the dangers on the road

B.animals begin to learn to use ecopassages

C.animals are crossing the road in groups

D.animals are increasing in number小题4:The writer asks visitors and drivers to look around when traveling because_________.

A.wild animals may attack cars

B.wild animals may jam the road

C.they may see wild animals in the park

D.they may see wild animals on ecopassages

答案

小题1:D

小题2:D

小题3:B

小题4:D

小题1:第三段告知ocelot这种动物只剩下约80只了,原因是roadkill,说明在公路交通事故中大量的动物被撞死。

小题2:第四段中The ecopassages can be extremely useful ,so that wildlife can avoid road accidents 。以及下段提到的But do animals actually use the ecopassages? The answer is yes .说明是为动物穿越公路而用的。

小题3:倒数第二段告知,连salamander与 grizzly bear 这两种差异巨大的动物都使用这种ecopassage,说明动物正学着用这种通道。

小题4:文章最后一段明确告知,人们在行车时需要留神,公路是可能会有ecopassage, 此时应注意保护动物。

问答题

【说明】 已知某企业欲开发一家用电器遥控系统,即用户使用一个遥控器即可控制某些家用电器的开与关。遥控器如下图(a)所示。该遥控器共有4今按钮,编号分别是0至3,按钮0和2能够遥控打开电器1和电器2,按钮1和3则能遥控关闭电器1和电器2。由于遥控系统需要支持形式多样的电器,因此,该系统的设计要求具有较高的扩展性。现假设需要控制客厅电视和卧室电灯,对该遥控系统进行设计所得类图如下图(b)所示。

图(b)中,类RomoteController的方法onPrcssButton(int button)表示当遥控器按键按下时调用的方法,参数为按键的编号;command接口中on和off方法分别用于控制电器的开与关;Light中turnLight(int degree)方法用于调整电灯灯光的强弱,参数 degree值为0时表示关灯,值为100时表示开灯并且将灯光亮度调整到最大;TV中 sctChannel(int channel)方法表示设置电视播放的频道,参数channel值为0时表示关闭电视,为1时表示开机并将频道切换为第1频道。【Java代码】class Light{ //电灯类public void trunLight(int degree){//调整灯光亮度,0表示关灯,100表示亮度最大}};class TV{//电视机类 public void setChannel(int channel){//0表示关机,1表示开机并切换到1频道}};interface Command{//抽象命令类 void on(); void off();};class RemoteController{ //遥控器类protected Command []commands=new Command[4];//遥控器有4个按钮,按照编号分别对应4个Command对象public void onPressButton(int button){//按钮被按下时执行命令对象中的命令 if(button % 2 == 0)commands[button]. on(); else commands[button]. off();}public void setCommand(int button, Command command){(1) =command;//设置每个按钮对应的命令对象 }};class LightCommand implements Command{ //电灯命令类 protected Light light; //指向要控制的电灯对象 public void on(){light. trunLight(100);); public void off(){light. (2) ;); public LightCommand(Light light){this. light= light;);};class TVCommand implements Command{//电视机命令类 protected Tv tv; //指向要控制的电视机对象 public void on(){tv. (3) ;}; public void off(){tv. setChanne1(0);}; public TVCommand(TV tv){this. tv= tv;};};public class rs { public static void main(String [] args){ Light light= new Light(); TV tv=new TV();//创建电灯和电视对象 LightCommand lightCommand= new LightCommand(light); TVCommand tvCommand=new TVCommand(tv); RemoteController remoteController=new RemoteController(); //设置按钮和命令对象 remoteController. setCommand(0, (4) ); ... //此处省略设置按钮1、按钮2和按钮3的命令对象代码 }} 本题中,应用命令模式能够有效让类 (5) 和类 (6) 、类 (7) 之间的耦合性降至最小。

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