问题 填空题

下图表示某种盐C的制备及其性质的实验步骤:

   

已知:盐C溶液呈黄色;沉淀D焙烧分解,生成红棕色粉末E。

(1)请写出下列物质的化学式:

A         ,B           ,C             ,D            

(2)写出相应反应的离子方程式

A→B:                 ,B→C:                    

(3)向B的溶液中滴加NaOH溶液,可观察到白色沉淀产生,该沉淀在空气中放置的现象为                       ,发生上述变化的化学方程式为                     

答案

(1)   Fe 、  FeCl2  、   FeCl3 、  Fe(OH)3  

(2)   Fe + 2H+ = Fe2+ + H2 ↑ 、   2Fe2+ + Cl2 = 2Fe3+ + 2Cl-

(3) 白色沉淀转化为灰绿色,最后变成红褐色 

4Fe(OH)2 + O2 + 2H2O = 4Fe(OH)3 

红褐色沉淀D一定为Fe(OH)3,可判定金属A为铁;

铁与盐酸反应:Fe + 2H+ = Fe2+ + H2 ↑,得到FeCl2,即B溶液;

B溶液中加入大量氯水,被氧化为盐C:FeCl3:2Fe2+ + Cl2 = 2Fe3+ + 2Cl

盐C与碱溶液反应:Fe3+ +3OH=Fe(OH)3

(3)向B的溶液(FeCl2)中滴加NaOH溶液,可观察到白色沉淀产生:Fe2+ +2OH=Fe(OH)2↓,该沉淀在空气中易被氧化,白色沉淀转化为灰绿色,最后变成红褐色:4Fe(OH)2 + O2 + 2H2O = 4Fe(OH)3

完形填空
完形填空
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